Tavi 16. kiduli vanturi gadaxurvebis

MontaJi

vanturi gadaxurvis saxeebi. nagebobebSi, sadac saWiroa didi farTobebis gadaxurva Sualeduri sayrdenebis gareSe, didad efeqturia kiduli gadaxurva. aseTi gadaxurva SeiZleba iyos gamoyenebuli sxvadasxva daniSnulebisa da formis kveTis (marTkuTxa, mrgvali, ovaluri) samrewvelo da samoqalaqo nagebobebSi (nax. 16.1). stadionebis, cirkebis, savaWro centrebis, sagamofeno darbazebis gadasaxurad xSirad gamoiyeneba kiduli gadaxurvebi, vinaidan aseTi gadaxurvebis mTavari upiratesobaa masalis ekonomiuri xarji da nagebobis agebisas xasiaTdeba dabali Sromis danaxarjebiT. agreTve umniSvnelovanes Rirsebad unda CaiTvalos montaJis teqnologiuri simartive.

nax. 16.1. kiduli gadaxurvebis mzidi sistemebis sqemebi:

a-z _ erTsartyliani; T-k _ orsartyliani; d-m _ kiduli fermebiT; n-p _ kiduli (konsoluri da sivrciTi);

1 _ Txelfurclovani membrana; 2 _ mastabilizebeli vantebi; 3 _ mzidi vantebi; 4 _ svetebi an saWimebi; 5 _ sakidebi; 6 _ ganbjenebi.

kiduli gadaxurvebi sruldeba winaswardaZabuli garsebis saxiT anakreb-monoliTuri rkinabetonis, vantebis, vanturi fermebisa da foladis membranebisagan. vanturi gadaxurvebis ZiriTadi konstruqciuli nawilia vantebi, gadaxurva da sayrdeni konturi. vanturi gadaxurva warmoadgens moqnili wrfivi vantebisa da maTze dayrdnobili saxuravi elementebis erTobliobas. igi sivrciTi konstruqciaa, romlis ZiriTadi nawili gaWimvaze momuSave vantebia.

kiduli garsi ewodeba monoliTuri an anakrebi rkinabetonis gadaxurvas, romelic eyrdnoba kiduli vantebis sistemas. aseTi garsis agebisas misi malis konstruqciebis muSa elementad iTvleba foladis bagirebi. damonoliTebis Semdeg eqspluataciis stadiaSi garsi muSaobs vantebTan erTad.

vanturi sistema da kiduli garsi eyrdnoba sayrden konturs, romelic iRebs rogorc horizontalur, aseve vertikalur reaqciebs malis konstruqciebisagan. kiduli gadaxurvis sayrdeni konturi SeiZleba iyos Caketili. am SemTxvevaSi kiduli daWimuli elementebi magrdeba xis sayrden konstruqciebze, romelic Sesrulebulia sayrdeni Caketili konturis saxiT (rgoli, ovali, marTkuTxedi). konturis elementebidan (svetebi, daxrili CarCoebi an TaRebi) datvirTvebi gadaecema saZirkvels. malis konstruqciis horizontaluri reaqciebi qreba sayrdeni konturis SigniT da nagebobis qveda nawils gadaecema mxolod vertikaluri datvirTvebi.

Tu sayrdeni konturi ar aris Caketili, horizontaluri Zalvebi gadaecema saZirkvels doinjebidan, kontrforsebidan, daankerebuli saWimarebidan, amitom sistemebi Caketili sayrdeni konturebiT ufro ekonomiuria, vidre Cauketavi.

marTkuTxa formis sistemebi. aseT SenobebSi gamoiyeneba sistemebi paraleluri vantebisagan an vanturi wamweebi; garsis zedapirs aqvs cilindruli forma. vantebi an wamweebi eyrdnoba Caankerebul sayrden CarCoebs an kontrforsebs. marTkuTxa SenobebSi udides gamWimav Zalvebs Tavis Tavze iReben damatebiTi ankeruli sayrdenebi. imisaTvis, rom gamoiricxos urTierTgadanacvleba, sivrciTi sixistis uzrunvelsayofad marTkuTxa SenobebSi iyeneben kvanZebSi saxsrulad SeerTebul urTierTperpendikularuli vantebis sistemas.

winaswardaZabuli rkinabetonis kidul garsebs ageben Semdegi TanmimdevrobiT:

? ageben daxurul Caketil konturs;

? konturze amagreben orTogonalur bades foladis bagirebisagan;

? badeze alageben rkinabetonis filebs. dagebamde bagirebs Wimaven gansazRvrul sididemde, raTa gamoiricxos garsSi gamWimavi Zabvebi.

nakerebis dabetonebis Semdeg garsi iwyebs muSaobas, rogorc sivrciTi sistema.

marTkuTxa formis nagebobis ageba vanturi gadaxurviT warmodgenilia 16.2 nax-ze.

nax. 16.2. Senobis ageba vanturi gadaxurvebiT:

a _ muSa vantis awevis sqema; b _ urTierTperpendikularuli vantebis simetriuli daWimvis sqema; g _ grZivi vantebis Semowmebis sqema;

d _ vantebis saboloo damagrebis detalebi;

1 _ eleqrtojalambari; 2 _ saWimi; 3 _ monoliTuri rkinabetonis sayrdeni konturi; 4 _ vanti awevis procesSi; 5 _ traversi; 6 _ niveliri.

vantebs awyvileben da maTze amagreben vertikalur sakidarebs. vantebis aweva xorcieldeba sinqronulad ori amwiT, specialuri traversebis gamoyenebiT (nax. 16.2-a). vantebis daWimvis Semdeg asruleben bagirebis geodeziur Semowmebas, ris Semdegac gadakveTis adgilebSi bagirebs erTmaneTTan akavSireben da Wimaven vertikalur sakidrebs. mxolod amis Semdeg, Seqmnil kvadratul ujredebSi amontaJeben rkinabetonis filebs. maT Soris nakerebSi alageben armaturas, Semdeg vantebi xelmeored iWimeba domkratebiT, riTac iqmneba vanturi sistemis saWiro winaswari daZabva. betonis mier saproeqto simtkicis akrefis Semdeg vertikaluri sakidrebi ixsneba.

mrgvali formis sistemebi. mrgvali formis sistemebSi gamoiyeneba radialurad ganlagebuli vantebi an vanturi wamweebi. mrgvali formis sistemebSi gare sayrden rgolSi, romelic gaangariSebulia kumSvaze, midis Zabvebis urTierTCaxSoba. amave mizniT, aseT SenobebSi gamoiyeneba vanturi wamwe, romelic Sedgeba mzidi da mastabilizebeli vantebisagan, iqmneba sivrciTi sistema saxsrulad mimxrobili kvanZebis dgarebiT. aseTi Senobebis montaJi mimdinareobs Semdegi TanmimdevrobiT:

? rkinabetonis konturze iWimeba vanturi bade foladis bagirebisagan, romelic uzrunvelyofs proeqtiT mocemuli garsis simrudes;

? bagirebze alageben anakrebi rkinabetonis gadaxurvis filebs;

? filebs Soris alageben armaturas da nakerebi ivseba betoniT;

? Sesrulebul gadaxurvaze awyoben burulis fenebs da Sekidul Wers.

nax. 16.3. vanturi gadaxurvis montaJis sqema:

a _ centraluri dolis rgolebis awyoba; b _ dolis rgolebis gaSla; g _ gadaxurvis sqema;

1 _ droebiTi sayrdeni; 2 _ ujredi qveda rgolis awyobisa da daSvebisaTvis; 3, 4 _ dolis qveda da zeda rgolebi; 5 _ domkratebi;

6 _ mudmivi dgarebi; 7 _ domkratebi.

am tipis gadaxurvis mowyobisas gamoiyeneba droebiTi sayrdeni dgarebi (nax. 16.3-1), romelzec ikribeba centraluri dolis rgolebi, vantebi.

gumbaTovan gadaxurvebs amontaJeben pirdapir saproeqto niSnulebze. Tu gumbaTis diametri 50 m-mdea, praqtikaSi miRebulia gadaxurvis kiduli awyoba (nax. 16.4). aseTi meTodis Sinaarsi SemdegSi mdgomareobs: gumbaTis sferuli formis gamoyenebiT mis centrSi ayeneben anZas an koSkur amwes. anakrebi, trapeciis formis rkinabetonis elementebis montaJisaTvis gamoiyeneba msubuqi wamwe-segmenti, romelic cali mxriT eyrdnoba sabrunav mowyobilobas, meoreTi ki _ urikas.

nax. 16.4. gumbaTis montaJi kiduli awyobis meTodiT:

1 _ bagirovani saWimi; 2 _ Cangali-sayrdeni; 3 _ mosaWeri quro;

4 _ gumbaTis samontaJo elementi.

urika moZraobs relsebze gumbaTis sayrdeni rgolis irgvliv. gumbaTis montaJi iwyeba qveda iarusidan (qveda wriuli rgolisagan). pirveli iarusis awyobis, Casatanebeli detalebis SeduRebisa da nakerebis damonoliTebis Semdeg iwyeben meore iarusis awyobas da a.S.

16.5 nax-ze warmodgenilia sportuli nageboba, romlis gadaxurvaSi gamoyenebulia vanturi sistemebi, romliTac gadaixureba 20000 m²-is samSeneblo moedani. es gadaxurva Sekidulia 19 vantze, Zalvebi ki saWimis saSualebiT gadaecema or centralur sayrdens. mzid konstruqciebs warmoadgens 50-metriani radialuri ormaliani gamkveTi liTonis wamweebi.

nax. 16.5. sportuli nagebobis gadaxurvis sqema:

a _ saWimebis, vantebis, wamweebis ganlagebis sqema gadaxurvis gegmis fragmentze; b _ sakontrolo-gasazomi mowyobilobebis ganlagebis sqema vantebze, sayrden dgarebze, xisti saWimebis vertikalur rgolebze;

1 _ sayrdeni koSki; 2 _ vantebi; 3 _ saWimebi; 4 _ wamweebi; 5 _ saankero dgari.

16.6 nax-ze naCvenebia savaWro centris gadaxurvis sqema vanturi gadaxurviT.

savaWro darbazi gadaxurulia 80 m diametris mqone kiduli rkinabetonis winaswardaZabuli garsiT. gadaxurva eyrdnoba 16 daxril sayrdens, romlebic warmoadgenen ortota foladis svetebs. svetebis dayrdnoba saZirkvelze saxsrovania. svetebisa da sayrdeni kvanZebis aseTi konstruqcia ar iTxovs vertikalur kavSirebs, uzrunvelyofs nagebobis saerTo mdgradobas da qaris datvirTvebis miRebas.

nax. 16.6. savaWro centris gadaxurva kiduli garsiT:

1 _ daxrili sayrdeni; 2 _ asawyob-monoliTuri sayrdeni rgoli;

3 _ vantebze dalagebuli asawyobi filebi msubuqi betonisagan-;

4 _ centraluri foladis rgoli; 5 _ Suqfarani; 6 _ antresolis gadaxurva; 7 _ antresolis gare rgolis koWebis sakidrebi.

gadaxurvis ZiriTadi mzidi elementia vanturi sistema _ radialuri bade 80 bagirisagan (d=52.5 mm), romlebic iWimeba garsis centraluri rgolis mxridan. vantebi damagrebulia specialuri ankerebiT sayrden rgolze da centrSi gaerTianebulia foladis rgolis saSualebiT. asawyob-monoliTuri sayrdeni rgoli aris marTkuTxa zomis kveTiT 1.0×1.5 m.

gadaxurvis garsi awyobilia msubuqi betonis filebisagan. filebi dalagebulia vantebze damagrebulia sayrdeni kvanZebiT, samagri WanWikebiT (nax. 16.7) da Semdegi dabetonebiT.

nax. 16.7. garsis anakrebi filebis dayrdnoba bagirovan vantebze:

1 _ anakrebi rkinabetonis fila; 2 _ vantebi d=52.5 mm; 3 _ filis sayrdeni kuTxovana miduRebulia Casatanebel detalze _ Svelerze; 4 _"U"-s magvari samagri WanWiki qanCiT; 5 _ armaturis Reroebi.

gadaxurvis montaJi mimdinareobs Semdegi TanmimdevrobiT:

? ayeneben liTonis droebiT koSks, koSkze iwyoba foladis centraluri rgoli;

? centralur rgolze amontaJeben Suqfarnis konstruqciebs;

? TviTmavali amwiT ayeneben sayrdeni rkinabetonis rgolis anakreb elementebs;

? asruleben vantebisa da gadaxurvis rkinabetonis filebs. am samuSaoebs asrulebs koSkuri amwe moZraobiT sayrdeni rgolis irgvliv. vantebis montaJisaTvis gamoiyeneba specialuri traversebi. filebs amontaJeben centridan wriuli moZraobebiT;

? filebis montaJis da nakerebis dabetonebis dasrulebis Semdeg TiToeuli vantis iWimeba ori hidravlikuri domkratiT.

aseTi gadaxurvis konstruqcia xasiaTdeba maRali teqnikur-ekonomikuri maCveneblebiT.

Senobis ageba vanturi wamweebiT. mravali sportuli da sxva nagebobebis gadaxurvas asruleben vanturi sistemebiT radialuri wamweebis gamoyenebiT (nax. 16.8). am naxazze warmodgenilia sportuli nageboba 93 m diametriTa da 20 m simaRliT. Senobis karkasi Sedgeba svetebis, gadaxurvisa da kavSirebisagan da warmoadgens rTul sainJinro nagebobas.

nax. 16.8. sportuli kompleqsis Senobis konstruqciuli sqema:

1 _ rkinabetonis anakrebi tribunebi; 2 _ rkinabetonis sayrdeni rgoli;

3 _ Suqfarnis zednaSeni; 4 _ vanturi sistemis zeda da qveda daWimuli rgolebi; 5 _ dayenebuli wamweebi; 6 _ droebiTi samontaJo sayrdeni.

nagebobis gadaxurvaSi gamoyenebulia vanturi sistema 48 radialur-bagirovani wamwis saxiT. wamweebi montaJis procesSi winaswar iZabeba.

saZirkvlebi monoliTuria, svetebi _ gare konturis foladis ortesebri formis.

gare sayrdeni rgoli _ 6 m sigrZis marTkuTxa rkinabetonis elementebi Tavis Tavze iReben vantebidan datvirTvebs. Senobis centrSi bagirebis ganbjenas iRebs 12 m diametris ori liTonis rgoli, rgolebi erTmaneTTan SeerTebulia saxsrulad SekumSuli dgarebiT. am ganbjenis Zalebis zemoqmedebis gamo gare rkinabetonis rgoli muSaobs kumSvaze, Siga ki _ gaWimvaze.

gadaxurvis filebi miRebulia foladis 3 m-iani furclebisa da foladis profilebisagan. sayrden konturze vanti damagrebulia ankerebiT. vanturi fermebis SemTxvevaSi bagirebis gare boloebi damagrebulia foladis svetebze, Siga boloebi _ centralur cilindrul rgolebze.

kiduli gadaxurvebis montaJi Sedgeba Semdegi operaciebisagan:

? svetebis montaJi;

? gare sayrdeni rgolis montaJi;

? saSualo dgarisa da 12 domkratis dayeneba;

? centraluri sayrdeni rgolebis dayeneba;

? vantebis damzadeba;

? vanturi naxevarwamweebis montaJi;

? naxevarwamweebis pirveladi daWimva;

? gadaxurvis panelebis montaJi da nakerebis CakeTeba;

? vanturi sistemis samuSao daWimva;

? gadaxurvis filebis damonoliTeba.

qvemoT ganxilulia erT-erTi sportuli nagebobis kiduli gadaxurvis montaJis teqnologia. 93 m diametris Senobis gare rkinabetonis rgoli eyrdnoba 48 cal liTonis svets (simaRliT 22 m). svetebis montaJi xorcieldeba meTodiT "Semowmebis gareSe". 12 m diametris Siga liTonis rgoli damontaJda droebiTi sayrdeni koSkis saSualebiT.

vanturi gadaxurva Sedgeba naxevarwamweebisagan. naxevarwamweebi erTi boloTi magrdeba centralur rgolze, xolo meoreTi _ gare rgolze. 65 mm diametris qveda mzidi bagiri da 42.5 mm diametris zeda mastabilizebeli bagiri SeerTebulia dgarebiT, zeda bagirebze damontaJebulia liTonis wibovani farebi.

centraluri sayrdenis niSnulze 21.37 m moewyo samuSao baqani, sadac ganlagebulia vantebis dasaWimi mowyobilobebi.

naxevarwamweebs amzadeben asakreb moedanze da mTliani saxiT amontaJeben koSkuri amwiT (isris sigrZiT 30 m) specialuri traversis gamoyenebiT (nax. 16.9).

nax. 16.9. sportuli nagebobis gadaxurvis montaJis sqema:

1 _ koSkuri amwe; 2 _ traversi; 3 _ vanturi wamwe; 4 _ droebiTi sayrdeni;

5 _ centraluri rgoli; 6 _ gare anakrebi rkinabetonis rgoli.

naxevarwamweebi montaJdeba iseTi TanmimdevrobiT, rom uzrunvelyofil iqnes nagebobis mdgradoba: Tavdapirvelad yendeba ori wamwe erT kveTSi, Semdegi ori _ maT perpendikularulad; danarCeni _ Seqmnili kuTxeebis biseqtrisebis mimarTulebiT.

naxevarwamweebis dayenebisa da damagrebis Semdeg vantisa da wamweebis yvela bagiri iWimeba gansazRvrul sidideze. Semdeg agebul konstruqciebze lagdeba saxuravis farebi da ewyoba burulis safarebi.

Senobebis ageba membranuli gadaxurvebiT. membranul gadaxurvebs SeTavsebuli aqvs mzidi da Semomfarglavi (gadamRobi) funqciebi. maT asruleben winaswardaZabuli filadis membranis saxiT sayrden konstruqciebze daWimviT (Cveulebrivi rkinabetonis sayrdeni konturi). membranis elementebi winaswar mzaddeba qarxanaSi da rulonebis saxiT miewodeba samSeneblo moedans. montaJis procesSi rulonis erT mxares amagreben sayrden konturze. specialuri traversis saSualebiT is iSleba mTel sigrZeze da meore boloTi magrdeba sayrdeni konturis mopirdapire mxareze. momijnave rulonis frTebs 50 mm-iani pirgadadebiT aduReben erTmaneTze (nax. 16.10).

nax. 16.10. membranuli gadaxurvis montaJi:

a _ Senobis konstruqciuli sqema: 1 _ moednis safari; 2 _ tribunebi;

3 _ gare TaRebi; 4 _ membrana; 5 _ Siga TaRebi.

b _ montaJis sqema: 1 _ sabrunav RerZze dayenebuli ruloni; 2 _ rulonis koWi, romelic asrulebs mimmarTveli blokis rols; 3 _ membranis kalTa;

4 _ bagiri jalambaridan; 5 _ gare TaRi; 6 _ Siga TaRi.

16.11 nax-ze warmodgenilia universaluri darbazis gadaxurva membranuli sistemiT.

nax. 16.11. universaluri darbazis gadaxurvis membranis montaJis sqema:

1 _ dazga membranis ruloniT; 2 _ sagebis elementebi membranis furclis dayrdnobisaTvis; 3 _ gadasaadgilebeli xaraCoebi; 4 _ jalambris bagiri;

5 _ dazgis sapirwone; 6 _ koSkuri amwe; 7 _ mastabilizebeli rgoli;

8 _ centraluri rgoli.

gadaxurvis diametria 160 m, simaRle _ 32.5 m. gadaxurva Sesrulebulia centraluri rgoliT d=24 m, membrana _ 6 mm-iani sisqis foladis furclebisagan. gadaxurvis sixiste uzrunvelyofilia 56 cali mastabilizebeli bagirovani wamwisagan. wamweebi Sedgeba daZabuli bagirisa da samkuTxa xisti gisosebisagan, romlebic magrdeba cali mxridan mastabilizebel rgolze (d=72 m da Sekidulia membranaze) da meoredan _ svetebze, gare konturis sayrden elementebze. montaJi xorcieldeba 10 t tvirTamweobis koSkuri amwiT da 50 t-iani muxluxa amwiT. koSkuri amwe moZraobs relsebze Senobis irgvliv, TviTmavali amwe montaJs axorcielebs Senobis Signidan.

montaJi xorcieldeba Semdegi TanmimdevrobiT:

? gare svetebis montaJi;

? droebiTi sayrdenebis montaJi centraluri da mastabilizebeli rgolebis qveS;

? sagebi elementebis awyoba miwaze da Semdeg ori amwiT elementebis montaJi;

? rgolis elementebis montaJi (sagebi elementebis makavSirebeli konstruqcia);

? membranis rulonebis momzadeba montaJisaTvis _ gaSla, damagreba dazgaze, romelic dayenebulia gare sayrden konturze da jalambris saSualebiT membranis furclebis gaSla gadaxurvaze.

yvela saxis samuSao xorcieldeba sagoravi xaraCoebidan.

16.12 nax-ze naCvenebia karavis tipis garaJis kiduli gadaxurvis montaJi.

nax. 16.12. karavis tipis kiduli gadaxurvis montaJis sqema:

1 _ koSkura amwe; 2 _ gare rgoli; 3 _ gadaxurvis fila; 4 _ centraluri sayrdeni; 5 _ traversi vantebis asawevad; 6 _ vanti montaJis procesSi.

karavis tipis kiduli gadaxurva sruldeba 101.7 m diametrze. koduli gadaxurva Sedgeba foladis armaturis 106 m-iani d=40 mm radialuri vantebisa da rkinabetonis filebisagan. gadaxurva magrdeba gare rkinabetonisa da centraluri foladis rgolebze. Siga _ 9 m diametris rgoli eyrdnoba centralur sayrden foladis svets (d=1.5 m). Siga rgolis niSnulia 20.0 m, gare rgolis _ 6.5 m.

konstruqciebi montaJdeba TviTmavali 40 t-iani da 5 t tvirTamweobis koSkuri amweebiT, gare sayrdeni rgolis rkinabetonis elementebi da Siga rgolis centraluri sayrdeni _ TviTmavali amwiT, vantebisa da gadaxurvis rkinabetonis filebis _ koSkuri amwiT, romelic montaJs asrulebs liandagebze Senobis irgvliv, gare konturze moZraobiT. vantebis damzadebisa da gamoWimvisaTvis ewyoba specialuri stendi, romlis wonasworobas uzrunvelyofs ori 100 t-iani Ruza. vantebis gamoWimva sruldeba domkratebis sistemiT. vantebis dayenebis, damagrebisa da geometriuli zomebis Semowmebis Sedeg ewyoba gadaxurvis filebi. filebis montaJi xorcieldeba koncentruli wreebiT moZraobisas, mimarTulebiT _ qvevidan zeviT. filebi magrdeba specialuri SemaerTebeli detalebis SeduRebiT vantebze, filebis nakrebi, rogorc wesi, ivseba betoniT.

16.13 nax-ze naCvenebia velotrekis membranuli gadaxurvis sqema. velotrekis ZiriTadi mzidi elementebia gare da Siga TaRebi malebiT 168 m (nax. 16.13). TaRebs Soris sivrce gadaixureba Txelkedliani foladis membranis garsebiT, zomebiT gegmaze 168×66 m. 4 mm sisqis foladis membrana Sedgeba calkeuli zolebisagan. zolis sigane 6 m, sigrZe ki _ 8_65 m (saWiroebis mixedviT). foladis membranis zolebi lagdeba foladis mimmarTvelebze (kveTi 740×6 mm, da Sekiduli bijiT 6.3 m). membranis zolebi duRdeba Siga da gare konturebis mimmarTvelebze, iqmneba ori foladis garsi. mimmarTvelebi erTmaneTTan SeerTebulia kveTiT 160×80×4 mm Svelerebis profilis grZivebiT; grZivebis biji 3 m-ia.

nax. 16.13. membranis montaJis sqema:

1 _ Siga konturis TaRi; 2 _ gadasvla TaRebze; 3 _ polispasti;

4 _ traversi; 5 _ mimmarTvelebi grZivebiT; 6 _ membranis zoli;

7 _ sabruni doli; 8 _ gare konturis TaRi; 9 _ stendi rolgangiT;

I da II _ TaRebs Soris membrana _ garsebis montaJis Tanmimdevroba.

gadakveTis adgilebze grZivebs aduReben mimmarTvel zolebTan. mimmarTvelebi da grZivebi yendeba gamsxvilebul blokebad. samontaJo blokebi msxvildeba trekis Siga moedanze ori 5 t-iani da erTi 20 t-iani polispastebis gamoyenebiT: xuTtoniani polispastebi magrdeba gare TaRTan, octoniani _ Siga TaRTan. membranis rulonebi yendeba rolgangze Semdgomi gamoWimviT (20 t-iani polispastiT), zolebi lagdeba mimmarTvelebze da grZivebze saproeqto mdgomareobaSi. foladis rgolebi SeduRebiT magrdeba mzid konstruqciebze. zolebi erTmaneTTan erTdeba 5 sm-iani pirgadadebiT da xarisxiani SeduRebiT.

Date: 2016-06-13; view: 4