Senobebis montaJis xerxebi

rkinabetoniani karkasis Senobebis montaJi. mSeneblobis vadebis Semcirebisa da samuSaoTa warmoebis daCqarebis mizniT Senoba iyofa monazomebad da samuSao ubnebad. Senobis agebas axorcieleben erT_ an ormonazomiani sistemiT. monazomebi saerTod SezRudulia temperaturuli nakerebiT, TiToeuli monazomi iyofa or ubnad. Tu monazomis pirvel ubanze mimdinareobs samontaJo samuSaoebi, meoreze am dros asruleben adre dayenebuli elementebis saboloo SeduRebas, pirapirebis CakeTebasa da nakerebis Sevsebas. samuSaoebis organizacias axorcieleben vertikalur nakadad. am dros samuSaoebi mimdinareobs sarTulebis mixedviT an iarusis mTel simaRleze. iarusi Sedgens 2_4 sarTuls da damokidebulia Senobis konstruqciul Taviseburebebsa da svetebis miRebul simaRleze. zogjer gamoiyeneba eqvssarTuliani svetebi da iarusi 6 sarTulis simaRlisaa.

konstruqciuli gadawyvetebis Sesabamisad gavrcelebulia Senobebis Semdegi tipebi:

? asawyobi karkasiTa da TviTmzidi kedlebiT. aseTi Senobebis karkasi sruldeba ganivi mimarTulebiT xisti CarCoebisagan. grZivi mimarTulebiT svetebi dakavSirebulia xisti disko-gadaxurvebiT, horizontaluri Zalvebis gadacemiT kedlebze;

? asawyobi karkasiTa da kiduli panelebiT. aseT SenobebSi karkass asruleben ormimarTulebiani CarCos konstruqciebiT. rodesac CarCo gamoiyeneba mxolod erTi mimarTulebiT, meore mimarTulebiT ayeneben kavSirebs;

? CarCoiani konstruqciebi ukoWo gadaxurviT. karkasis ZiriTadi elementebia svetebi pirapirebiT yovel 2 sarTulze, rigelebi, gadaxurvis filebi da kedlis panelebi.

maRlivi Senobebis agebas yofen Semdeg etapebad:

? Senobis miwisqveSa nawilis ageba;

? sixistis birTvis dabetoneba;

? asawyobi konstruqciebis montaJi an monoliTuri karkasis ageba;

? tixrebis montaJi;

? mosapirkeTebeli samuSaoebi.

karkasis konstruqciebis montaJi moicavs: konstruqciebis dayenebas saproeqto mdgomareobaSi, maT gasworebas, pirapirebis SeduRebas, antikoroziul dacvas, pirapirebisa da nakerebis CakeTebas. CamoTvlili procesebi sruldeba or momijnave nakadad:

1. ayeneben karkasis elementebs, axorcieleben SeduRebas da konstruqciebis antikoroziul dacvas;

2. axorcieleben samontaJo pirapirebis, kvanZebis dabetonebas, gadaxurvis filebis nakerebis Sevsebas da karkasis monoliTis ubnebis dabetonebas.

Senobis karkasis montaJs iwyeben svetebis dayenebiT. dayenebuli svetebis xarisxi didad aris damokidebuli dayenebis sizusteze, amitom Semowmebis process unda mieqces didi yuradReba.

pirveli sarTulis svetebs amontaJeben saZirkvlis WiqebSi, Semdegi iarusebis svetebs ayeneben konduqtorebSi. konduqtorebi gamoiyeneba erTi, ori da oTxi svetisTvis. jgufuri konduqtorebis gamoyenebisas, samontaJo samuSaoSi unda iyos gamoyenebuli ori konduqtori, rac iZleva sami momijnave ujredis erTdrouli montaJis saSualebas. svetebis dayenebisa da SeduRebis Sesrulebis Semdeg konduqtorebs gadaadgileben Semdeg poziciaze.

konduqtorebis gamoyenebisas svetebis gasworebas RerZebSi asruleben konduqtorze dayenebuli xraxniani mowyobilobebiT, rac uzrunvelyofs svetebis iZulebiT Semowmebasa da droebiT damagrebas. svetebis Semowmeba, gasworeba da droebiTi damagreba SeiZleba ganxorcieldes agreTve inventaruli mWimebis an xisti doinjebis gamoyenebiT.

meore nakadis samuSaoebs asruleben uSualod monazomze calkeuli ubnis yoveli iarusis konstruqciebis dayenebisa da Semowmebis Semdeg.

karkasis elementebs ayeneben iseTi TanmimdevrobiT, romelic uzrunvelyofs karkasis daxuruli ujredebis Seqmnas da, Sesabamisad, dayenebuli konstruqciebis mdgradobas. TviTamwevis gamoyenebis SemTxvevaSi Tavdapirvelad ayeneben axlomdebare ujredebis konstruqciebs, Semdeg _ ufro Sors mdebares.

Tu karkasi Sedgeba asawyobi rkinabetonis konstruqciebisagan, mis sixistesa da mdgradobas uzrunvelyofs rogorc TviTon konstruqciis simtkice, aseve svetebisa da karkasis danarCeni elementebis pirapirebis simtkice. dauSvebelia zeda sarTulis konstruqciebis montaJi manam, sanam qveda sarTulze pirapirebis SeerTebisa da SeduRebis samuSaoebi ar iqneba dasrulebuli.

rkinabetonis karkasebSi, brtyeli vertikaluri sixistis diafragmebiT, yoveli iarusis konstruqciebis montaJi mimdinareobs Semdegi TanmimdevrobiT:

1. svetebi, sixistis diafragmebi, rigelebi;

2. gare kedlis panelebi, darCenili Siga panelebi da tixrebi;

3. kibis marSebi da baqnebi, gadaxurvis filebi.

kedlis panelebisa da sxva Semomfarglavi konstruqciebis montaJisaTvis farTod gamoiyeneba damxmare TviTmavali amwe, romelsac ayeneben saxuravze. igi gamoiyeneba sixistis birTvis zeda iarusebis dabetonebisaTvis, betonis narevis, duRabisa da sxva masalebis miwodebisaTvis zeda mimReb baqnebze, sanitariul-teqnikuri mowyobilobebis, sadurglo nakeTobebisa da sxvaTa asawevad.

kedlis panelebis montaJi SeiZleba Sesruldes SeTavsebiT karkasis montaJTan erTad, paralelur reJimSi an ganxorcieldes karkasis montaJis dasrulebis Semdeg Senobis mTel simaRleze. meore SemTxvevaSi samuSaoebi SeiZleba Sesruldes saxuravis amwiT.

rkinabetonis karkasis elementebs ayeneben iseTi TanmimdevrobiT, rom uzrunvelyofil iqnes karkasis daxuruli ujredebis Seqmna. yvela mzidi konstruqcia da kavSirebi saWiroa damagrdes ujredis elementebis Semowmebisa da gasworebis Semdeg.

svetebs Soris gaTvaliswinebul fila-ganmbjenebs ayeneben maSinve rigelebis Semdeg, miduRebiT Casatanebel detalebTan, romlebic ganlagebulia rigelebis wiboebze da sixistis kedlebis elementebTan. rigiTi filebi duRdeba sam wertilSi Casatanebel detalebTan.

foladisa da Sereuli karkasiani Senobebis montaJi. aseTi Senobebis karkasis simaRle SeiZleba aRwevdes 200_250 m-s, saerTo masa _ aTeul aTas tonas. maRlivi Senobis foladis karkasi Sedgeba svetebisa da rigelebisagan. es konstruqciebi ori mimarTulebiT SeerTebulia xisti SeduRebiTi kvanZebiT CarCoian sistemebSi, iReben Tavis Tavze vertikalur da horizontalur (qaris, seismur) datvirTvebs. svetebs amzadeben standartuli naglini profilebisagan ortesebri, kvadratuli da jvrisebri kveTebiT. svetebis pirapirebs droebiT amagreben WanWikebiT da gasworebis Semdeg aduReben konturze. svetebis pirapirebi ganlagebulia yovel or, sam an oTx sarTulze da samuSaoebis moxerxebulad warmoebisaTvis, gadaxurvis donidan 80_120 sm-ian simaRleze.

karkasis foladis rigelebs aqvT Cveulebrivad ortesebri kveTi SeduRebuli, gafarToebuli qveda TaroTi, romelzec ayeneben sarTulSua gadaxurvis filebs.

sarTulSua gadaxurvis karkasi Sedgeba:

? mTavari da meorexarisxovani koWebisagan, maTze asawyobi filebis an monoliTuri gadaxurvis dayrdnobiT;

? marto mTavari koWebisagan (rigelebisgan), gadaxurvis mosawyobad, gafarToebuli qveda TaroTi;

? ganbjeni rkinabetonis filebisagan _ alageben mxolod svetebis RerZebze;

? unificirebuli, Semsubuqebuli an Rrutaniani gadaxurvis filebisagan.

mravali Senobis mzid karkasSi gaTvaliswinebulia daxuruli Saxtis mowyoba Senobis mTel simaRleze. Saxts asruleben oTxi urTierTperpendikularuli xisti sibrtyisagan, foladis an rkinabetonis konstruqciebis gamoyenebiT. es Saxti iRebs Senobaze moqmed yvela horizontalur datvirTvas da uzrunvelyofs Senobis saerTo mdgradobas. aseT Saxts hqvia sixistis Saxti an sixistis birTvi. karkasis yvela danarCeni elementi unda damagrdes sixistis birTvze, yovelma gadaxurvam unda Seqmnas erTiani xisti da ucvleli horizontaluri sibrtye an brtyeli xisti disko. Senobis mzidi karkasis danarCeni elementebi muSaobs mxolod vertikalur datvirTvebze.

Senobis ageba foladis karkasiTYSesaZlebelia ganxorcieldes diferenciuli an kompleqsuri meTodebiT. diferenciuli meTodis gamoyenebisas Senobis mTel simaRleze ayeneben foladis karkass, Semdeg iwyeben saerTo samSeneblo samuSaoebs.

kompleqsuri meTodis SemTxvevaSi, Senobis agebis dros erTdroulad asruleben samontaJo, samSeneblo, specialur da mopirkeTebis samuSaoebs. liTonis konstruqciebis montaJs asruleben iarusis zeda nawilSi, sarTuliT dabla _ Semowmebasa da gasworebas, iarusis qveda nawilSi _ saboloo SeduRebas da moqlonebis dayenebas. erTdroulad, 2_3 sarTulis gamorCeniT, akeTeben asawyobi rkinabetonis gadaxurvas. 4_5 sarTulis CamorCeniT asruleben betonis monoliTur samuSaoebs. ufro dabla midis Riobebis Sevseba SeminviT, mobaTqaSeba, mopirkeTebis da specialuri samuSaoebi. e.i. Senobis agebis samuSaoebi mimdinareobs 8_10 sarTulze erTdroulad.

asawyob-monoliTur konstruqciul gadawyvetaSi erT ciklSi Tavsdeba monoliTuri da montaJis procesebi, maTi Sesrulebis Tanmimdevroba damokidebulia Senobis konstruqciul Taviseburebebze.

montaJis procesSi karkasis mdgradobis uzrunvelyofa. mravalsarTuliani Senobebis karkasis montaJi iTxovs Semdegi wesebis dacvas: ar SeiZleba momdevno iarusis konstruqciebis dayeneba, sanam qveda iarusis svetebi ar iqneba saimedod damagrebuli. es aucilebeli moTxovnaa, romelic nakarnaxebia Senobis simtkicisa da mdgradobis uzrunvelsayofad agebis mTel periodSi.

karkasis asawyobi elemetebis awyobis procesSi, 5_6 sarTulis simaRleze, unda iyos Sesrulebuli Semdegi moTxovnebi:

? Semowmebul iqnes karkasis mdgradoba montaJis procesSi samuSaoTa warmoebis proeqtis rekomendaciebis gaTvaliswinebiT;

? gaTvaliswinebul iqnes svetebs Soris droebiTi samontaJo kavSirebis dayeneba, romlebic uzrunvelyofen svetebis mdgradobas;

? proeqtis mixedviT damagrdes vertikaluri kavSirebi, rigelebisa da svetebis SeuRlebis CarCos kvanZebi;

? Sesrulebuli iqnes xisti sarTulSua gadaxurvebis mowyoba, romlebic axorcieleben Senobis saerTo mdgradobas;

? Semowmebul iqnes karkasis zogierTi elementebisa da kvanZebis simtkice datvirTvis misaRebad TviTamwevi da misadgmeli amweebisagan _ adgilebis Semowmeba, sadac amwe eyrdnoba karkass.

Senobis foladis karkasis montaJi unda ganxorcieldes iarusebad _ pirvel rigSi aucilebelia sixistis birTvis srulyofili montaJi (SemowmebiT, saboloo damagrebiT). svetebis droebiTi damagreba montaJis procesSi sruldeba konduqtorebis an inventaruli mWimebis gamoyenebiT, riTac uzrunvelyofili iqneba svetebisa da mTeli Senobis mdgradoba. svetebis saproeqto damagreba unda Sesruldes dauyonebliv, montaJis Semdeg.

momdevno iarusis montaJi dasaSvebia mxolod qveda iarusis elementebis saproeqto damagrebis Semdeg.

mravalsarTuliani Senobebis asawyobi rkinabetonisagan montaJisas unda iyos daculi ZiriTadi moTxovnebi, romlebic uzrunvelyofen ara marto Senobis damontaJebuli nawilis simtkicesa da mdgradobas, aramed calkeuli konstruqciuli elementebisasac. agreTve uzrunvelyofili unda iyos mSeneblobis procesSi betonis saproeqto simtkice kvanZebSi, pirapirebSi, calkeul elementebSi.

am moTxovnebis nawilobrivi Sesrulebisa da karkasis montaJis gagrZelebis mizniT saWiroa:

? karkasis yvela elementSi (svetebi, rigelebi, gadaxurvis filebi) unda iyos gaTvaliswinebuli Casatanebeli detalebi, vinaidan konstruqciis dayeneba da saproeqto mdgomareobaSi maTi saboloo SeduReba uzrunvelyofs mdgradobas da amcirebs karkasis deformaciis risks (sanam ar iqneba dabetonebuli samontaJo pirapirebi);

? montaJis procesSi dayenebul iqnes vertikaluri da horozontaluri kavSirebi _ vertikalur svetebs Soris, horizontalur ganapira malebSi, sarTulSua gadaxurvebis Tavze _ mdgradobis uzrunvelyofisaTvis;

? Semowmebul iqnes elementebisa da kvanZebis simtkice TviTamwevi amweebidan mosul datvirTvebze;

? Semowmebul iqnes montaJis procesSi karkasis mdgradoba samuSaoTa warmoebis proeqtSi warmodgenili rekomendaciebis Sesabamisad;

? uzrunvelyofili iyos monoliTuri sixistis Saxtis karkasis kedlebisa da mudmiv kavSirebs Soris erToblivi muSaoba sixistis birTvis mdgradobisaTvis.

Tavi 15. maRlivi nagebobebis _ koSkebis,

Date: 2016-06-13; view: 13