LATIN NAMES OF CHEMICAL ELEMENTS

ACIDS NAMES

OXIDES, PEROXIDES, HYDROXIDES

In this lesson you will:

· Become familiar with the Latin names of main chemical elements.

· Become familiar with the Latin names of acids.

· Become familiar with the Latin names of oxides, peroxides, hydroxides.

This lesson is divided into the following sections:

I. Latin names of chemical elements.

II. Latin names of acids.

III. Latin names of oxides, peroxides, hydroxides.

IV. Exercises.

I. LATIN NAMES OF CHEMICAL ELEMENTS

All Latin names of chemical elements are neuter nouns of the 2^nd declension:

E.g.: Bromum, i n; Iodum, i n; Bismŭthum, i n

There are two exceptions to this rule:

· sulfur - Sulfur, ŭris n (3rd declension)

· phosphorus - Phosphŏrus, i m (masculine)

Special attention must be given to the spelling of the following chemical elements:

II. LATIN NAMES OF ACIDs

The Latin names of acids consist of the noun “acĭdum”(acĭdum, i n - acid) and the concordant adjective of the 1^st group:

acĭdum + stem of the chemical element name + -ĭc/ōs- + -um

а) Latin adjectives with the suffix -ĭc- and the ending -um correspond to English adjectives ending by –ic.

E.g.:

· arsenic acid - Acĭdum arsenicĭcum (Arsenĭcum, i n ® arsenic + ĭc + um);

· sulphuric acid - Acĭdum sulfurĭcum (Sulfur, ŭris n ® sulfur + ĭc + um);

· silicic acid - Acĭdum silicĭcum (Silicĭum, i n ® silic + ĭc + um);

b) Latin adjectives with the suffix -ōs and the ending -um correspond to English adjectives ending by –ous.

E.g.:

· nitrous acid - Acĭdum nitrōsum (Nitrogenĭum, i n ® nitr + ōs + um);

· sulphurous acid - Acĭdum sulfurōsum (Sulfur, ŭris n ® sulfur + ōs + um);

· arsenicous acid - Acĭdum arsenicōsum (Arsenĭcum, i n ® arsenic + ōs + um).

c) Latin acid names with the prefix hydro- ending by -ĭcum correspond to English acid names with the prefix hydro- ending by -ic (Acĭdum hydro­chlo­rĭcum – hydrochloric acid).

Attention!!! - Acid names used as drugs after pharmaceutical forms are written with the first capital letter:

E.g.:

· Tabulettae Acĭdi folĭci - tablets of folic acid

· Dragée Acĭdi ascorbinĭci - dragée of ascorbic acid

III. LATIN NAMES OF OXIDES, PEROXIDES, HYDROXIDES

Latin names of oxides, peroxides and hydroxides consist of two words:

· First one: name of a chemical element in Genitive

IV. VOCABULARY

V. EXERCISES

Exercise 1. Translate from English into Latin:

Oily solution of camphora for external use; chloroform for narcosis; liniment of synthomycin with novocain; solution of prednisolon for injections; glyceric solution of ichthyol; spirituous solution of iodine for internal use; solution of novocain in ampoules, solution of nicotinic acid; mucilages of althea root, diluted hydrochloric acid; boric acid; tablets of lipoic acid; dragée of ascorbinic acid, zinc ointment; clear sulfur, yellow mercury oxide, acetylsalicylic acid in tablets, tablets of amidopyrin and phenacetin of each 0,25; phenoxymethylpenicillin for suspension; oily solution of synoestrol in ampoules, powder for suspensions; suppositories with dimedrol for children; diluted solution of hydrogen peroxide; hydrosulfuric acid; nicotinic acid in tablets; acetic acid; phosphoric acid; magnesium peroxide; zinc oxide; calcium hydroxide, hydrogen peroxide; benzoic acid.

Exercise 2. Translate the following prescriptions from English into Latin:

LESSON 6

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Date: 2016-03-03; view: 2753