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LATIN THIRD DECLENSION NOUNS. NEUTER GENDER
In this lesson you will:
· Learn the endings of the neuter third declension nouns.
· Learn exceptions to the rule of the neuter third declension nouns endings.
This lesson is divided into the following sections:
I. Endings of neuter third declension nouns.
II. Exceptions to the rule of the neuter third declension nouns endings.
III. Exercises.
IV. Vocabulary
I. ENDINGS OF NEUTER THIRD DECLENSION NOUNS
Most nouns ending by ar, -e, -en, -ma, -ur, -us are neuter, cf.:
| Endings | Examples | ||
| Nominative | Genitive (with a part of the stem) | ||
| 1. 1. | - ar | - ătis | hepar, hepătis n -liver |
| 2. 2. | - e | - tis | rete, retis n -network |
| 3. | - en | - ĭnis | abdōmen, abdomĭnis n -abdomen |
| 4. 3. | - ma | - ătis | zygōma, zygomătis n cheek-bone |
| 5. 4. | - ur | - ŏris | femur, femŏris n -thigh |
| 6. 5. | - us | - ěris - ŏris - uris | glomus, gloměris n -glome pectus, pectŏris n chest crus, cruris n -shank |
| 7. 6. | - ut | - ĭtis | caput, capĭtis n head |
II. Exceptions to the rule of the NEUTER third declension nouns ENDINGS
The following nouns having neuter endings are masculine:
1. lien, liēnis m - spleen
2. ren, renis m kidney
The neuter third declension nouns ending in ma should be distinguished from feminine first declension nouns ending in a:
E.g.: diaphragma, ătis n -diaphragm;
chiasma, ătis n -chiasm;
stroma, ătis n -stroma;
systēma, ătis n -system;
zygōma, ătis n cheek-bone.
but
squama, ae f -scales;
struma, ae f crop.
III. Exercises
1. Make up grammatical agreement of the adjectives with the given nouns:
1) forāmen (occipitālis,e; mentālis, e; incisīvus, a, um; mastoiděus, a, um; major, jus)
2) systēma (centrālis, e; nervōsus, a, um; lymphatĭcus, a, um)
3) caput (longus, a, um; transversus, a, um; laterālis, e; brevis, e)
4) ren (dexter, tra, trum; mobĭlis, e; sinister, tra, trum; lobātus, a, um)
5) crus (sinister, tra, trum; laterālis, e; brevis, e; simplex, ĭcis; anterior, ius)
6) hepar (mobĭlis, e; lobātus, a, um; major, jus)
2. Translate into Latin:
superficial lymphatic vessel, posterior nucleus of trapezoid body, internal carotid artery, base of heart, apex of heart, root of lung, cavity of uterus, renal pelvis, thyroid cartilage, pylorus part, left lobe of lung, ventricle of larynx, superior constrictor of larynx, capsule of pancreas, external oblique muscle of stomach, mucous membrane of mouth, cardiac impression of lung, body of mammary gland, spinal muscle of neck, the longest muscle of head, canal of neck of uterus, frontal region of face, external base of skull, wing of vomer, membranous wall of trachea.
V. VOCABULARY
| 1. abdōmen, ĭnis n 2. accessorĭus, a, um 3. aortĭcus, a, um 4. appendix, īcis f 5. cavernōsus, a, um 6. centrālis, e 7. coccygēus, a, um 8. crus, cruris n 9. glomus, ěris n 10. hepar, ătis n 11. impressio, ōnis f 12. lien, ēnis m 13. lobātus, a, um 14. longus, a, um 15. mamma, ae f 16. mentālis, e 17. mobĭlis, e 18. nervōsus, a, um 19. oblīquus, a, um 20. radix, īcis f 21. ren, renis m 22. renālis, e 23. rotundus, a, um 24. stroma, ătis n 25. synchondrōsis, is f 26. systēma, ătis n 27. tegmen, ĭnis n 28. thymus, i m | abdomen additional aortic, aortal process, appendix cavernous central coccygeal leg, crus glome, glomus liver impression spleen lobulose, lobulous, lobulated long mammary gland mental mobile nervous oblique root, radix kidney renal round stroma synchondrosis system roof thymus |
Lesson 9
Date: 2016-03-03; view: 1521
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