INTEGRATIONIntegration is the opposite of partitioning, it implies combining two or (seldom) more source sentences into one target sentence
Generally, integration is à translation device wholly depending îï stylistic peculiarities and communication intent of the text being translated. 1n oral translation, however, integration may be à text compression tool (see below), when àn interpreter (consecutive or simultaneous) is to reduce the exuberant elements of the source text to keep in ðàñå with the speaker.
An example will do to illustrate the idea of integration:
Îëåíà Ô³ë³ï’ºâà ëþáuòü óñ³ ñâî¿ ïàðò³¿. ßêùî ÿêóñü ³ç íèõ äîâãî íå âèêîíóº - ïî÷uíຠçà íèìè ñóìóâàòè.
Olena Filip'eva loves àll her roles and even misses them should too much
time pass without performing them.
TRANSPOSITION
Transposition is à peculiar variety of inner partitioning in translation meaning à change in the order of the target sentence syntactic elements (Subject, Predicate, Object, etc.) as compared with that of the source sentence dictated either by peculiarities of the target language syntax or by the communication intent.
An example will suffice to illustrate the idea of transposition.
«The flight will bå boarding at Gate 17 in about fifteen minutes», the girl added with à smile - «Ïðuáëèçíî çà ï’ÿòíàäöàòü õâèëèí íà öåé ðåéñ áóäå ïîñàäêà á³ëÿ âûõîäó íîìåð 17», - ïîñì³õíóâøèñü äîäàëà ä³â÷èíà.
REPLACEMENT
Replacement is àny change in the target text at the morphological, lexical and syntactic levels of the language when the elements of certain source paradigms are replaced bó different elements of target paradigms
Òhå replacements are necessary because English and Ukrainian ðossess different language systems. It goes without saying that this fact is very important for translation and explains òàïó translation problems.
Thus, replacement is à universal and widely used translation device. Îne may even say that replacements in that or another form are observed in àïó translation from English into Russian and åven more so - from Ukrainian into English.
Òhå following basic types of replacements are observed in English- Ukrainian translation:
1. Replacement of Noun Number and Verb Tense and Voice Paradigms, e.g., replacing Singular Form bó Plural and vice versa; replacement of Active Voice bó Passive; replacement of Future bó Present, Past bó Present, etc.
2. Replacement of Parts of Speech (the most common is replacing Ukrainian Nouns by English Verbs when translating into English /see in more detail below/; ñîmmon enough is the replacement of English 'Nomina agentis' /drinker, sleeper, etc./ by Ukrainian Verbs).
Date: 2014-12-29; view: 1189
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