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Task 4. a) Study the definitions of the terms
agglutination – a grammatical process in which words are composed of a sequence of morphemes (meaningful word elements), each of which represents not more than a single grammatical category //http://www.britannica.com alternations - a morphological process that uses morpheme-internal modifications to make new words or morphological distinctions e.g. goose -> geese, ring -> rang -> rung, teeth -> teethe circumfixation – a morphological process characterized by simultaneous suffixing and affixing incorporation - a morphological process by which several distinct semantic components are combined into a single word in a polysynthetic language infixation – a morphological process whereby a bound morpheme attaches within a root or stem inflection - the creation of different grammatical forms of words reduplication - a morphological process of forming new words either by doubling an entire free (total reduplication) morpheme, or part of it (partial reduplication) suffixation - a morphological process whereby a bound morpheme is attached to the end of a stem suppletion - a morphological process between forms of a word wherein one form cannot be phonologically or morphologically derived from the other. e.g. is -> was, go -> went; good -> better -> best inner inflection – a morphological process when different forms of the word share only consonants and alternating vowels represent a grammatical category
b) Study examples from different languages and match them with morphological processes from 4 (a).
(1) Turkish Avrupa-li-laş-tir-il-a-mi-yacak-lar-dan-sin-iz. Europe-an-ize-CAUSE-PASSIVE-POTENTIAL-NEG-FUT.PART PL-ABL-2ND-PL You (all) are among those who will not be able to be caused to become like Europeans.'
(2) Chichewa (the national language of Malawi) Mkángo s-u-na-ka-ngo-wa-phwanya maûngu. lion NEG-3SUBJ-PAST-go-just-6OBJ-smash pumpkins The lion did not just go smash them, the pumpkins.'
(3) Tagalog (the national language of the Philippines)
(4) German ge-kann-t 'known' ge-läute-t 'rung' ge-schüttel-t 'shaken' ge-zeig-t 'shown'
(5) Arabic katab 'to write' kataba 'he wrote' kutib 'has been written' aktub 'be writing'
(6) Tagalog (the national language of the Philippines) ROOT FUTURE tawag 'call' ta-tawag 'will call' takbo 'run' ta-takbo 'will run' bisita 'visit' bi-bisita 'will visit' bili 'buy' bi-bili 'will buy'
(7) English fall fell slide slid strike struck take took give gave swear swore ride rode
(8) Somali
Date: 2014-12-22; view: 1165
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