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The species of the reactivity
The basis of the reactivity of healthy and diseased organism is biological (species, primary) reactivity - life changes that occur under the environmental influence appropriate for each type of the species, the collection of protective-adaptive reactions inherent to this species of animal. Examples of the species reactivity are taxis instincts (seasonal migration of fish, birds’ transmigration), hibernation, seasonal sleeping (winter and summer hibernation), resistance to various effects (e.g: lethal dose of histamine for guinea pig is 0.3 mg / kg, for rabbit - 3 mg / kg and for white mouse - 250 mg / kg).
It is known that the turtles are not sensitive to tetanus toxin, rabbits - to morphine and atropine, a rat can’t be inoculated with anthrax, gonokokk is pathogenic for humans and monkeys only. Species reactivity determines the properties of the species, its indications, and specific features contained in the genotype of all the species of individuals, formed in evolution as a result of heredity, variation, natural selection.
On the base of the reactivity of the species individual and group (typical) reactivity is formed (Table 2).
Table 2.
The species of the reactivity
Biological (species one, primary)
Individual one Group one
| Physiological reactivity | Pathological reactivity | ||
| Specifis (immunological) | Nonspecific | Specific | Nonspecific |
| Forms of its realization | Forms of its realization | ||
| Resistance to the infections Transplantantion immunity Tumor immunity Specific resistance Adaptation to a specific environmental factor | Adaptation to a couple of environmental factors (for example, to lack of oxygen and physical exertion) Stress-reaction Nonspecific resistance: a) Congenital – passive one; b) Acqired – active and passive ones. | Immunopathological ones: -allergy; -autoimmune diseases; -immunodeficiencies; -immunodepressive conditions; -immunoproliferative diseases Specific kinds of the reactions that form the picture of the disease of this or that nosological form | Nonspecific kinds of reaction that are inherent for many diseases: -fever; -general adaptation syndrome; -standard form of nervous dystrophy; -parabyosis; -pain |
Date: 2015-01-11; view: 1081
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