Reform programme of Health Care in Kazakhstan

Specialty: Public Health

Work-out

Theme: Reform programme for health care in Kazakhstan

Course: IV

Complied by: Kaibaldieva B.M.

A senior teacher

Almaty, 2015

Work-out

Theme:«Reform programme for health care in Kazakhstan»

Aims:

Didactic aims: to form the following components of competence in students:

· Educational (cognitive)component:

a) to form student’s knowledge on mastering special terms of pharmacy;

b) to develop students habits on enlarging lexical minimum ;

· Practical (operational) component:

a) to form students’ skills on listening translating the text with a help or without help of a dictionary

b) to form skills on extracting necessary information from the text, summarizing and rendering it for communication.

• Communicative component:

to form listening, reading, speaking, writing skills.

· Self-studying component:

a) to form students’ habits on studying professional medical supplementary literature in informative sources.

Urgency of the theme:Students of the pharmaceutical faculty should know professional terms connected with their future speciality.

Tasks:

a) to teach students to read the text with making comments.

b) to teach students to give definitions to the terms

Methods of teaching:Verbal-graphic method, roleplays, creative tasks.

Means of teaching: cards, tables, schemes.

Literature:

1) Materials of internet resources

Control:

Tests, questions.

Work-out

Theme:«Reform programme for health care in Kazakhstan»

Pre-reading task. Speaking.

1) What do you know about reform programme for health care in Kazakhstan?

2) What do you know about State Health Care development programme “Salamatty Kazakhstan?

List of new words

Undertake to consume

Comprehensive bulk

Provision pooling

Reduction framework

Increase implement

Emphasis embark

Inpatient facility evidence-based medicine

Challenge revenue

Expenditure out of pocket payment

Mandatory user charges

Insurance rural

Detriment embark

Reading. Text “Reform programme of Health Care in Kazakhstan”

Reform programme of Health Care in Kazakhstan

Since becoming independent, Kazakhstan has undertaken major efforts in reforming its post-Soviet health system. Two comprehensive reform programmes were developed in the 2000s: the National Programme for Health Care Reform and Development for 2005-2010 and the State Health Care Development Programme for 2011-2015 “Salamatty Kazakhstan”. Changes in health service provision included a reduction of the hospital sector and an increased emphasis on primary health care. However, inpatient facilities continue to consume the bulk of health financing. Partly resulting from changing perspectives on decentralization, levels of pooling kept changing. After a spell of developing health financing to the rayon level in 2000-2003, beginning in 2004 a new health financing system was set up that included pooling of funds at the oblast level, establishing the oblast health department as the single-payer of health services. Since 2010, resources for hospital services under the State Guaranteed Benefits Package have been pooled at the national level within the framework of implementing the Concept on the Unified National Health Care System. Kazakhstan has also embarked on promoting evidence-based medicine and developing and introducing new clinical practice guidelines, as well as facility-level quality improvements. However, key aspects of health system performance are still in dire need of improvement. One of the key challenges is regional inequities in health financing, health care utilization and health outcomes, although some improvements have been achieved in recent years. Despite recent investments and reforms, however, population health has not yet improved substantially.

Financing

In 2009, total health expenditure amounted to an estimated 4.5% of GDP, which was one of the lowest shares in the WHO European Region. Health revenue comes from two main sources: the government budget (at national and oblast level) and out-of-pocketpayments (official user fees and informational payments). Financing according to state budgets was reintroduced in Kazakhstan in 1999, after a failed attempt to create a mandatory health insurance system. In 2008 public expenditure on hospital care was 2.6 times higher than expenditure on outpatient services. Republican expenditure on health is mainly spent on services under the State Guaranteed Benefit Package and ear-marked transfers to local budgets. The bulk of oblast expenditure on health in 2007 was devoted to services and health promotion included in the State Guaranteed Benefit Package.

The State Guaranteed Benefit Package includes emergency care, and specified outpatient and inpatient services. A new outpatient drug benefit has also been introduced that entitles children, adolescents and women of reproductive age to free outpatient pharmaceuticals. For the rest of the population, medicines remain the main type of benefit that require co-payments. User charges are set at oblast level, usually covering non-essential health services. Patients also often pay for medicines and medical supplies in hospitals, and for pharmaceuticals, aids or dental care in outpatient settings. The share of informal payments is assumed to be high, although the exact scale is difficult to estimate.

Partly resulting from changing perspectives on decentralization, levels of pooling kept changing. After a spell of developing health financing to the rayon level in 2000-2003, beginning in 2004 a new health financing system was set up that included pooling of funds at the oblast level, establishing the oblast health department as the single-payer of health services, and improving the health purchasing mechanisms through a new provider payment system. Since 2010, resources for hospital services under the State Guaranteed Benefit Package have been pooled at national level within the framework of implementing the Concept on the Unified National Health Care System.

Date: 2016-04-22; view: 1021