Irregular readings: wind

Graphical Rules

/ I /

is represented in spelling by:

1. the letters “i, y”in closed stressed syllables - myth, syllable, sit, window.

2.the letters“y, ey” in unstressed syllables - money, trolley, city, baby

3.the letters “ai, ay”in unstressed syllables - holiday, portrait, fountain, mountain

4. the letter “e” in prefixes - begin, decide.

Rare spellings: busy, build, biscuit, foreign, women.

/ i: /

is represented in spelling by:

1. the letter “e” in open and historically open syllables - be, he, meter, these, theme.

2. the letters “ee” - meet, see, feel, tree.

“ea” - meat, sea, peace.

“ie” - piece, field, believe.

“ei” - ceiling, receive.

Rare spelling: people, key, breathe, wreath.

/ æ /

is represented in spelling by:

1. the letter” a” in closed syllables - lad, glad.

Note:A number of disyllabic & trisyllabic words with the letter “a” in an open syllable fall under this rule - palate, family, cavity.

/ e /

is represented in spelling by:

1. the letter “e” in closed syllables - bet, better.

2. the digraph “ea” before “d” - bread, head.

“th” - breath, weather.

Irregular readings: friend, deaf, heavy, measure, pleasure, pleasant, health, wealth, meant, weapon, breakfast, sweat, sweater.

Rare spellings: any, many, bury, says, said.

/ ə /

is represented in spelling by:

1. the letter “a” in prefixes and articles - about, asleep, a big city

2. the suffixes “er”-teacher

“or”-doctor

“ar”-collar

“our”-neighbour

“ous” - famous

3. the letters “a, o, u” in unstressed syllables (hard reduction) - sofa, autumn, atom.

/ɒ/

isrepresented in spelling by:

1. the letter “o” in closed stressed syllables - not, office, hot.

2. the digraph”wa” - was, want, except “water”

3. the letter combination “qua” - quality, quantity.

Rare spelling: because, cough, knowledge, sausage.

/ ʌ /

is represented in spelling by:

1. the letter “u” in closed stressed syllables - hurry, uncle, consult.

2. the letter “o” followed by “m” -come, some

“n” -son, ton

“v” -love, glove, oven

“th” -mother, other.

3. the digraph “ou” followed by “gh” -enough, tough

“bl(e)” - trouble, double

“pl(e)” -couple

Remember:“ou” + other consonants - country, touch, courage, young, cousin, Southern.

Rare and irregular spellings: blood, flood, worry.

/ ʊ /

is represented in spelling by:

1. the digraph “oo” followed by “k” - book, look.

2. the letter “u” after ”p, b, f” - pull, bull, full.

Exception: but, bus, butter, pulse, fun.

Rare spelling: could, should, would, bouquet, woman, bosom, wolf.

Irregular spellings: good, foot, wood, stood.

/ e͟ɪ /

is represented in spelling by:

1. the letter “a” in open stressed syllables - take, make.

2. the letters “ai” and “ay” in stressed position -main,plain, may, play.

3. the letters “ei” and “ey” - vein, neighbour, grey, they.

4. the letter “a” followed by “nge”and “ste” -range, change, haste, paste.

Irregular reading: key, height

/ aɪ /

is represented in spelling by:

1. the letters “i, y”inopenstressedsyllables - tie, pie, try, final.

2. the digraph “igh”followed by “t” - light, night.

3. the letter “i” followed by “ld”- child, wild.

“nd” -kind, blind.

Irregular readings: wind

Irregular spelling: either, neither.

/ ɔɪ /

is represented in spelling by:

1. the digraphs “oi” -boil, oil, join, poison

“oy” -toy, joy, employment.

/ əu /

is represented in spelling by:

1. the letter ”o” in open syllables - go, home, moment.

2. the letter “o” followed by “ll” -poll, roll

“ld” -old, told

“st” -most, post.

3. the letter “o” in word-final unstressed position - hero, photo, potato.

4. the letters “oa” - boat, road.

5. the letters “ow” in word-final position - low, show, know, window, tomorrow.

Date: 2016-03-03; view: 1066