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Sailing round the world

Form (1)

Reading

Task 1

Have you ever wondered how birds find their way when flying? Read and find out. Choose the best answer a, b, c or d for the questions 1 – 5.

The pigeon is famous for always being able to find its way home. In fact racing pigeons is a popular sport in some countries. Owners take their birds hundreds of miles away and then release them. The bird that gets back home in the fastest time is the winner. Until now it has been thought that the birds have their own built-in system of navigation and use the position of the sun and stars to guide them. However a ten-year study has proved to scientists that pigeons travel rather like drivers do and follow the major roads. The birds that were monitored in the study were constantly flying along motorways and even turning left and right at main junctions, while ignoring small winding roads. A professor of zoology at Oxford University and a racing pigeon expert agree. The professor says that birds use their traditional forms of navigation first but when they fly the same route again they remember the roads and follow them. A group of birds was released as a test and all flew along the same major road and turned right at the first junction. The pigeon racer describes this research as absolutely accurate. Every Saturday, he says, you can see flocks of pigeons flying along the motorways.

1.Pigeon racing consists of:

a. owners seeing how far each pigeon can fly.

b. scientific research into the way pigeons fly.

c. pigeons being released on the motorways.

d. owners seeing which pigeon gets home first.

2. Pigeons’ 'built-in system of navigation' refers to:

a. their natural instinct for finding their way.

b. their natural ability to follow major roads.

c. the fact that they fly as a large flock.

d. special equipment the researchers have used to track them.

3.The roads pigeons followed were:

a. all the roads going in the right direction.

b. only motorways.

c. the important direct routes.

d. the smaller less busy country roads.

4. A junction is:

a. a sharp bent in the road.

b. where a motorway and a road meet.

c. a place where one road crosses another.

d. a place where you can buy petrol.

5. Pigeons are especially seen on Saturdays because:

a. that’s the day the roads are busiest.

b. that’s the day the research takes place.

c. that’s the day pigeon racing takes place.

d. that’s the day the motorways are open.

Task 2

Look at the sentences below about the ancient Chinese art of Feng Shui. Read the text and decide if each sentence 6 – 15 is TRUE, FALSE or the information is NOT STATED in the text. Put a tick in the proper box.

Feng Shui

Feng Shui is the art of arranging your home and the things in it in the best possible way. It began in China about 5000 years ago, but recently architects and designers all over the world have started to include the idea in their work. The most important thing to understand about Feng Shui is the idea of chi, which means vital energy or life force. The art of Feng Shui is to make sure the right objects are in the right places so that the chi can flow freely around the home. This is said to create good health and financial well-being as well as improved relationships between parents and children and husband and wife. You can improve your own Feng Shui by trying some of the techniques listed below.



Firstly, keep the hall of your home clear of shoes, umbrellas and other objects. This is to allow the chi to enter your home freely. If possible, put a small indoor fountain in this part of your home.

In the living room, choose furniture which is the right size for the room and arrange it so that people can move around the room comfortably. If the room is small, hang a mirror to create a feeling of space. Make sure you have blinds or curtains to prevent the chi from escaping.

The bedroom is considered a very important area in Feng Shui. It is best not to have a television or any other electrical item in here, but if you find it impossible to live without them, you can cover them with a plastic table-cloth when you have finished using them. The table-cloth must be plastic – other materials will not work. It is also important to unplug everything before you sleep. The head of the bed should be against a wall rather than under a window, as this would allow your chi to escape. You should be able to see the door easily while you are lying in bed. Place lamps by your bed for lighting instead of bright lights in the ceiling.

Try these simple ideas for a few months and see how much energy and happiness you can bring into your home.

 

6. Feng Shui has been practised all over the world for 5000 years.

7. Feng Shui says that family members will get on better with each other if the home is properly furnished.

8. The entrance of the home should be well lighted.

9. The living room should be made to look as small as possible.

10. Windows in the living room should be covered.

11. There shouldn’t be any plants in the bedroom, if possible.

12. A sheet could be used instead of a table-cloth to cover the TV.

13. Sleeping under a window is not a good idea.

14. It’s important to have a good view of the bedroom door from the bed.

15. A single strong light in the bedroom is better than several soft ones.

 

Part 3

Use of English

Task1

Read the text below and choose the correct word for each space. For each question 1 – 10, mark the correct letter A, B, C or D.

Chocolate

When the Spanish explorer Cortez 0 A Mexico in the sixteenth century, he found the people there using a drink they ___1____ chocolate. It tasted quite strong ___2___ it had pepper in it. To ___3___ it taste better, the Spanish added sugar to it. When chocolate first came to Europe in the seventeenth century, people started to drink it with milk, ___4___ of water. Nowadays, tonnes of chocolate and cacao are ___5___ to factories, where they are turned ___6___ many popular sweets and cakes.

___7___ chocolate and cacao come from the fruit of cacao tree. Cacao trees ___8___ only be grown in hot countries, as they need a warm climate. Cacao is an American plant, ___9___ still grows wild in the northern part of South America. Countries in Central and South America were the first to grow it, but today Africa ___10___ the world with the most of chocolate.

 

A B C D

Example reached arrived got went

1 announced told called declared

2 while because so whether

3 let cause allow make

4 apart except rather instead

5 delivered directed prepared produced

6 down into off over

7 Both Every Either Each

8 ought can have might

9 what which who whose

10 brings fetches supplies gives

Task 2

Complete the text, using the verbs in brackets (11 - 20) in the correct tense. The first answer is given as an example.

Rahul wins National Spelling Bee For the past five years the Hathwar family have travelled to Washington DC to watch their children in the top US spelling competition, the National Spelling Bee. Their elder daughter, Gayathri, (take) 0 has taken part since she was nine years old, and her younger brother Rahul 11 (just win) _____________ the first prize of $40,000 at his first attempt.

Rahul and Gayathri 12 (study) _____________ hard to reach the final, which was shown on television all over the US. Mr.Hathwar helped his children beforehand by making lists of words and checking their meaning. He was confident they 13 (do) ____________ well. Rahul even 14 (stop) ____________ playing computer games and doing his other hobbies to concentrate on learning spellings.

“I 15 (not regret) _____________ it,” he says. “The Spelling Bee 16 (teach) ____________ me to work hard. I 17 (not expect) ____________ to come first so I was amazed at the result. I was so anxious when I arrived at the Television Centre I 18 (not can) _____________ stop shaking.”

Gayathri admitted she was a little disappointed that she 19 (never become) ____________ a winner. But now she 20 (be) _____________ very proud of her brother’s success.

 

 

Writing

Imagine that you read the following question on a forum: “Hi, guys! I need your advice. I’ve been chosen to arrange our class party. What should I do to make it a real success?” Now give your advice how to arrange the party to make it exciting and educational at the same time. Write about 90-100 words. Do not forget to: • greet the members of the forum; • give two reasons for your choice; • sign your advice.

 

Form (2)

READING

Task 1

Read the text. For each question 1 – 5 mark the correct letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet.

Lake Vinney

My favourite place for water sports is Lake Vinney, but it has only existed since 1975 when the valley was filled with water to provide electricity. Under the water is the village, Vinnthorpe.

Last week I talked to Pat Smithers, who runs a shop on the edge of the huge car park. She gets up early to travel to her shop to sell newspapers and food and doesn’t finish work till late because of the car park. She said drowning the village was the best thing that ever happened, as it brought a lot of business to the area, and the number of visitors from all over the country continues to increase, especially as there is a new road which means it is easier to get to.

When I asked people enjoying the water sports, they said they never thought about the drowned houses and streets. When I spoke to some people sitting in the cafѐ overlooking the lake, I was surprised to find they still get angry about what happened. They used to live in Vinnthorpe and were moved to other places in the area, among them thirty children who are now middle-aged, but they still miss the village. They say that nobody asked them what they wanted – they were told one day that everything was decided. They were separated from their friends and had to get buses to new schools instead of walking there together. It is a shame that these people lost their homes, and I hope something similar never happens again in the future. I would miss the water sports if they weren’t there, however, and I must say that I hadn’t ever thought about what was under the water until last week.

1. What is the writer trying to do?

A. describe what people think about the drowned village.

B. persuade people to take up water sports on Lake Vinney.

C. discuss what might happen to Lake Vinney in the future.

D. explain why people like living by Lake Vinney.

 

2. What do we learn about Pat Smithers?

A. She lives beside the lake.

B. She used to live in Vinnthorpe.

C. She often visits the area on holiday.

D. She earns her living near Lake Vinney.

 

3. What do we find out about Lake Vinney?

A. It attracts tourists from abroad.

B. There are lots of houses on the banks.

C. More people are visiting it every year.

D. Mainly local people do water sports there.

 

4. What does the writer think about Vinnthrope?

A. He agrees with Pat Smithers.

B. He feels sorry for the people who lived there.

C. He thinks it should now be forgotten.

D. He has always felt guilty about water-skiing there.

5. Which of these is an advert for Lake Vinney?

A. Come to Lake Vinney and water-ski or sail. No ugly car parks, shops or cafѐs around the lake to spoil the views.

B. Come to Vinnthorpe and stay in a hotel in the village. Enjoy the walks around the lake in complete peace and quiet.

C. Lake Vinney is perfect for all kinds of water sports. Wonderful cafѐ by the side of the lake and plenty of car-parking space.

D. Enjoy water-skiing on Lake Vinney, but leave time to visit the old village beside the lake – nothing has changed there for 30 years.

Task 2

Read the text and fill in the missing sentences A – F into the marked spaces 6– 10. There is one sentence which you do not need to use.

A. this doesn’t show animals as they really are in the wild

B. as if it was jumping like a gymnast

C. that was the message behind them

D. that the animals in the pictures were still wild animals

E. that animals live very differently in different countries

F. and another had added music

Wildlife Art

Go Wild! is a touring exhibition of wildlife photos and paintings by young artists. Its last stop has been in my city and I went last week.

The pictures were produced by teenagers living in countries as far apart as Asia and Canada. There were often humans and animals working together in the pictures, and to me (6) _________. In one painting, for example, a girl was resting her head on an elephant. Some wildlife experts say (7) __________, and I agree. But that didn’t stop the pictures being beautiful. One artist, for example, had filmed videos of animals through coloured glass (8) __________ - they worked really well.

There were also action photos. One was of a bear that had climbed up a tree in a garden in Canada and refused to come down. Wildlife experts sent the bear to sleep with a special vet’s gun – and a brilliant photographer saw a great opportunity. He took a photo showing the bear falling out of the tree, fast asleep, onto a rubber mat on the ground, (9) _________! The bear was later returned to the wild. And there were lots more amazing pictures like that!

Another young photographer took a photo while swimming with an elephant – although she almost got kicked as a result. I was glad I didn’t know that when I first saw the picture! It reminded me (10) _________, and shouldn’t be trusted. But this photographer clearly felt the photo was worth the danger.

 

USE OF ENGLISH

Task 1

Complete the text using the verbs in brackets (1 - 10) in the correct tense.

 

On 26 December 2004 a very large earthquake took place off the west coast of Sumatra in Indonesia. The earthquake 1 (cause) _______ one of the worst tsunami in history. More than 200,000 people 2 (die) _______ in 11 countries on the Indian Ocean. Today if you ask the survivors, they 3 (tell) _______ you similar stories of that morning’s events. Many were tourists who 4 (arrive) _______ in Sumatra for their Christmas holiday. Many of them 5 (swim) ___________ or 6 (run) __________ on the beach when the wave suddenly broke against the shore. No warnings 7 (give) _______ to them. Some 8 (see) _______ the sea disappear from the beach before it returned a few minutes later as a wall of water. Many local fishermen also lost their lives in the tsunami. They 9 (fish) ___________ at the sea but they 10 (not come) _______ home again.

Task 2

Read the text and choose the correct word for each space. For each question, 11 – 20, mark the correct letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet.

Tigers

The tiger is (0) __A___ largest member of the big cat family, and lives in parts of Asia. Most people would (11) _______ that tigers are extremely beautiful animals, with their black and orange coats.

(12) _______ tigers can’t run fast for long (13) _______, they are good at hunting. Tigers are able to (14) _______ high speeds, and the animals that they catch for food can often be much bigger than they (15) ______. However, tigers behave differently from animals like lions. They will (16) _______ their food with other tigers, even though they have gone miles to look (17) _______ it.

The population of tigers in the world has decreased (18) _______ the start of the 20th century, but by using radio collars, scientists have now (19) _______ up projects that are much more (20) _______ at finding out about how tigers live.

A B C D

(0) the a one any

11 tell agree decide suppose

12 If Although Because So

13 times moments periods ages

14 reach get make go

15 do will have are

16 divide choose share use

17 after at around for

18 throughout from since during

19 set given turned put

20 useful successful important suitable

 

WRITING

Your English teacher has asked you to write a story. The story must begin with this sentence: Just as the film began, I received a text message on my mobile phone. Don’t forget to mention in your story: · who you were with; · what kind of film it was; · who sent you the message; · what had happened; · what you did. Write about 120 – 150 words.

 

Form (3)

Reading

Read the text and questions below. For each question 7–11 mark the correct letter a, b, c or d.

Laughter is the best medicine

Every week, Dr Doppit goes round the wards at the children’s hospital. But instead of a white coat and a stethoscope, Dr Doppit has a red nose and carries balloons. She is the hospital’s “clown doctor” and her real name is Hilary Day.

After studying drama at university, Hilary saw an advert for a clown doctor at the hospital. “The job was perfect for me,” she says. “My mother and grandmother were both nurses, so caring for people is in my blood. Also, I love doing children’s theatre.”

Before she started, Hilary did four weeks training, where she learnt how to do magic tricks and make balloons into funny shapes. She also had to study child psychology and basic medicine.

Her visits to the hospital start with a meeting with the nursing stuff to find out which patients a visit will be most useful for. Most children are delighted to see a clown, but there are some who are too ill, or areafraid of clowns. Hilary always checks first. Then she does some magic, makes balloon animals or tells them a story.

“We know that laughing can have a positive effect on a person’s health,” says Hilary. “It produces chemicals in the brain that make you relax and feel better.” Everyone agrees that regular visits from Dr Doppit can make a big difference to a child’s recovery. “Children in hospital miss their everyday life at home and at school,” says one hospital manager. “As well as possibly being frightened and homesick they are often bored. The clown doctor gives them something to look forward to and happy memories to take home afterwards.”

7. What is the writer’s aim in this text?

a) to describe a typical day in a children’s hospital

b) to explain a method of helping young patients

c) to encourage doctors to learn some circus skills

d) to show students how to get a job in a hospital

8. Why was Hilary particularly suitable for the job of clown doctor?

a) She had studied medicine at university.

b) She already knew how to do magic.

c) She enjoyed working with children.

d) She had been a nurse in a hospital.

9. Before Hilary starts, the stuff tell her which children

a) have asked to see her.

b) are going to leave the hospital soon.

c) want to hear a particular story.

d) will benefit most from her visit.

10. The hospital manager thinks that Dr Doppit’s visits

a) are useful if the parents can’t visit.

b) help children get better more quickly.

c) might be frightening for some children.

d) help the children forget they stay in hospital.

11. Dr Doppuit can influence

a) parents’ behavior.

b) nurses’ work.

c) kids’ getting better.

d) hospital manager’s decisions

 

Task 2

Read the article and title a–f each paragraph 12–16. There is one title you do NOT need to use.

a) Saving sea resources

b) Distant operating

c) No kitchen

d) Replacing meat

e) New eating habits

f) More veggies

What’s cooking?

(12) Tomorrow’s children will eat differently from their parents. Many modern homes don’t have a dining room because the occupants usually eat meals in front of the television. In the future, families eating together at home will be an unusual event. Food will be heated in a microwave. If there is a cooker, it will be on a dining table rather than in the kitchen.

(13) The kitchen of the future will be intelligent! Thanks to automation, it may be possible to call home on a mobile to start a cooking programme. There is nothing better than to come home after a long working day to see your dinner ready. With such a kitchen you can easily organize a party for your friends.

(14) In the future, fewer Europeans will eat meat because they think that other foods are better for their health. In addition, farmers will realise that growing crops is a more efficient use of land than raising cattle. “Every time a person gives up eating beef,” says food expert Brian Ford, “three thousand square metres of land are freed for crop production.”

(15) But meat is a major source of protein. How will we get the protein we need without meat? The answer is: from plant sources. Mushrooms and other fungi will be specially grown, fortified with vitamins and artificially flavoured. Artificial flavouring will become widespread.

(16) According to Ford, fish will always be popular. “Fish, especially oily fish, have much to contribute to the diet of the future. The problem is that we are catching too many fish. We need to reestablish sanctuaries – “national parks” – in the oceans where fish are free to multiply.”

 

Use of English

Task 1

Read the text about a stuntman (a person who performs dangerous tricks in films) and choose the best word (a, b, c or d) for each space 17–31.

The Fall Guy

Nick Gillard earns a (0)__C___ working as a stuntman on films and TV shows but his first (17)_____ of show business was trick-riding circus horses when he was just 12 years old. Four years later he got the chance to (18)____ in his first film. “I really enjoyed working on the film,” Nick remembers, “so I started asking what I should (19)____ to become a stuntman.” Nick couldn’t just (20)____ as a stuntman straight away. First he had to be (21)____ by the British Stunt Register, which represents stunt professionals in Britain. To do this he had to reach instructor (22)____ in six sports including skiing, riding and gymnastics. Since qualifying (23)____ the age of 19, Nick has worked on many movies and has doubled for some of the biggest stars in Hollywood.

Safety and timing are all-important for stunt professionals – they plan everything down to the (24)_____ detail. “We take the utmost (25)_____ . It’s not like being an actor where you can (26)_____ the shot again if it goes wrong. It’s got to work first time.” Nick has (27)_____ some terrifyingly dangerous stunts. For one film he jumped across a bridge in a speed boat, and in Alien 3 he was (28)_____ on fire, without air, for more than two minutes. Filming on location takes him all (29)_____ the world, often for months (30)_____ a time.

a b c d

0 reward wage living payment

17 lesson experience attempt taste

18 play practice perform show

19 make do get try

20 put up establish start introduce

21 arranged allowed agreed accepted

22 line level measure mark

23 in on at by

24 tiniest lowest least lightest

25 caution care attention guard

26 have make give take

27 made done led given

28 put caught set lit

29 about through across over

30 at on for in

 

 

Task 2

Read the text about experiences related to travelling by air and put the verbs in brackets 31–40 into the correct tense.

Flying high!

I was going on my first really important business trip. My flight (to schedule) (31)_____________ for 9 am and I had got up extra early to ensure that I got to the airport on time. While I (to walk up) (32)_____________ to the check-in desk, I took a quick look in my briefcase to make sure that I had my laptop and all the papers I (to need) (33)_____________ for my presentation. Everything was there. I gave the girl at the desk my ticket and she (to hand) (34)_____________ me my boarding card. I had lots of time, so I decided to get something to eat. I went through passport control and (to find) (35)_____________ a little cafeteria in the departure area. I rdered my meal and began talking to a lady who (to sit) (36)_____________ at the table beside me. She told me that she was also going on a business trip. Time passed quickly and soon my flight (to announce) (37)_____________ I made my way to the boarding gate and joined the queue. I opened my briefcase to get my boarding card, and suddenly realized that I (to take) (38)_____________ the wrong case! Just then, I heard someone calling my name, “We (to mix up) (39)_____________ our cases!” I turned around and saw the lady from the cafeteria waving my briefcase. I exchanged cases with her and boarded my plane. As I took my seat, all I could think of was, “All is well that (to end) (40)_____________ well!”

 

Form (4)

Reading

Task 1

Read the text and for questions 13–20 name the sailors. You may use some names more than once.

Who:

13. didn’t use any type of transport with a motor on their journey? ____________

14. died before finishing his journey around the world? _____________________

15.was the leader of a journey around the world from start to finish? __________

16.wanted food when he/she came back? ________________________________

17. took a difficult route around the world? _______________________________

18. stole things during the journey? _____________________________________

19. escaped a very dangerous incident? __________________________________

20. didn’t get much rest? ___________________________________________

 

Sailing round the world

Many people think that Ferdinand Magellan was the first person to travel around the world. His expedition was the first to do this but Magellan himself died on the trip when he found himself fighting a battle on an island in the Philippines. The Spanish captain Juan Sebastian Elcano became the new leader of the expedition. He arrived back in Spain in 1522 after a journey of just over three years. Seventeen other members of the original expedition had survived with him.

The British sailor Sir Francis Drake became the first person to lead a complete expedition around the world. His three-year journey began in 1577. On the journey, Drake attacked many Spanish ships carrying gold from the New World. He also took their maps, which were better than his own. These maps helped him to find the best routes to complete his journey.

One of the strangest round the world journeys was by Jason Lewis. Lewis took 13 years to complete his journey. His method of transport?An eight-metre “pedalo” – a pedal-powered boat. Lewis was the first person to go round the world by human power alone. On land, he travelled by bike and on Rollerblades™! The most terrifying incident during the whole trip was when a salt-water crocodile attacked him while he was in the water in a kayak. He reached a deserted beach and got out of the kayak but the crocodile started to eat the boat. In the end the crocodile left. Jason set fire to the rest of his kayak. A pilot in a small plane saw the smoke and rescued him.

Dee Caffari was born in Britain in 1973. In 2006 she became the first woman to sail solo non-stop around the world the “wrong way”. The wrong way means going west, against the winds and sea currents. It took her 178 days. In 2008–2009 it took her just 99 days to sail alone around the world in the usual direction. And so she became the first woman in history to sail around the world single-handed in both directions. On the voyage, she sailed through icebergs and could only sleep for periods of twenty minutes. When she got back, what she wanted most was a pizza, a diet cola and a bath

Task 2

Read the article and complete the gaps 21–25 with the correct sentence a–f. There is one extra sentence which you do NOT need to use.


Date: 2016-03-03; view: 6658


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