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Ex-ses, aimed at producing an utterance based on a picture or a series of pictures (or a film-strip) without an accompanying text.3. ex-ses, aimed at producing an utterance based on what has been heard or read. Pupils do oral communicative ex-se on the plot of the text: · read and say what you have found out; · read and say what you could foresee and why; · read and compare (find differences and similarities).
4. ex-ses aimed at producing an utterance based on the topic. 5. ex-ses aimed at thinking of a title to the story (picture) and discussing it with friends. 6. ex-ses aimed at making up texts of postcards. 7. ex-ses aimed at illustrating a proverb. 8. ex-ses aimed at making up a story (by analogy, in different persons, according to the plan, using the key-words). 9. ex-ses aimed at commenting on the story, event/speech – after you read activities. 10. Draw a map of your dream town/ favourite district or street. Label it with the necessary symbols. The task for the friends is to find a school/library/factory…. And to explain how we can get there. 11. “A Town Survey”. Team or pair work: Go to the factory and ask how many people work there; what they produce; salary; vacations; privileges….or Go to your avourite café and ask the sales-man/woman what the most popular dish/dessert is; what the “busiest” hours are; salary, customs… and tell about it to your classmates. 12. time-line of your life.
14. Collages : What are you afraid of:
“A Sign Language”: collect the signs and describe their place and discuss their rules:
Lecture 12 Teaching Dialogue Plan: 1. Communicative and psychological characteristics of D. 2. Linguistic characteristics of D. 3. Stages of teaching D. ex-ses for TD.
The dialogueas a form of speaking which is realized in the immediate exchange of replies between 2 and more persons. Separate replies are interrelated in a D. and are called lines of a dialogue. By a line of a dialogue in linguistics we mean an utterance limited by a change of a speaker. *********** Two (or more) adjoining lines of a dialogue interrelated in meaning and often with the help of the same lexico-grammatical and rhythmic-intonational means are called a dialogical unit (or a lead-response unit), and the mechanism of their interrelation is called an exchange of remarks. The minimal structural unit of a dialogue is a dialogical unit. ********* The aim of teaching D. in the secondary school is the development of the skills of arranging a talk or a discussion according to some real or teaching situation, as well as in connection with the content of what has been read or heard. D is of double nature. The tasks forTD should comprise 2 kinds of dialogical skills: 1. the skill of initiating a conversation (or of taking the initiative in striking the conversation); 2. the skill of comprehending and adequately responding to the partner remarks, and, in his turn, of prompting the partner to continue the talk. Dialogue is also a means of teaching when: · it is used for practicing the speech materials under supervision of a teacher; · it is used in a question-answer form (the teacher’s questions and the pupils’ answers). *********** The psychological and linguistic features of dialogue are predetermined by: Ø bilateral activity of partners; Ø presence of immediate contact and Ø the common character of a situation and a subject of the conversation. The psychological mechanisms of generating D: Level One - motivational: it is of singular importance that the perception of smb’s speaking is synchronized with one’s own speaking. The first line of a dialogue, the so-called lead is generated on the basis of one’s own motive; the 2d line – the response- is generated as a sort of the second-signal reflex to the motive perceived. Level Two – analytical-synthetical level: its content is inner speech. Level Three – realizational. The psychological features of D: 1) its situational character, i.e. correlation of an utterance with a particular situation; 2) being addressed to the particular partner, 3) its economical character, i.e. usage of the most important parts of sentences and words which may serve as reference points for comprehension; 4) redundancy of wording of speech, caused by its spontaneous character, which finds its reflection in extended replies, repetitions, conjunctions etc; 5) its expressive character which is achieved by usage of logical and emotional words. Date: 2016-01-14; view: 880
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