| Morphological, physiological and tinctorial features of Mycoplasma
| They are pleomorphic cells, 125-250 nm in size, they poor staining with aniline. It is aerobe and facultative anaerobe.
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| Antigens of intestinal stick and their value
| Glycolipids and proteins.
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| Cultural properties of Mycoplasma
| They grow in the heart infusion peptone broth with 2% agar and 30% human ascetic fluid or animal serum at 37˚C for 48-96 hours. After that it is incubated on agar media and can be detected with a hand lens. In liquid media mycoplasma forms opalescence. In semisolid media they form light cloud by course of inoculation. On the solid media mycoplasma forms small round colonies with a granular surface and a dark elevated centre, open-work edges, like fried eggs, typical buried in the agar.
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| Pathogenesis diseased caused Mycoplasma.
| The mycoplasmas attach to the surface of ciliated and nonciliated cells, probably through the mucosal cell sialoglycoconjugates the surface glycolipids. The subsequent events in infection may include: direct cytotoxity through generation of hydrogen peroxide and superoxide radicals; cytolysis mediated by antigen-antibody reaction or by chemotaxis and action of mononuclear cells and competition for and depletion of nutrients.
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| Source of infection of diseased caused Mycoplasma
| Patient, bacteria-carrier.
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| Material for diagnostic of the diseased caused Mycoplasma
| Throat swab, sputum, inflammatory exudates.
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| What the methods are used for laboratory diagnostic of Mycoplasma diseased?
| Microscopic examination, bacteriological, serological.
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| What are the factors of the Mycoplasma pathogenic?
| Endotoxin, haemolysin, phospholipase A, aminopeptidase, neurominidase, DNA-ze, RNA-ze, IgA protease.
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| What is immunity in person with diseased caused Mycoplasmas?
| Humoral, untense typespecific. Cellular delayed type.
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| Treatment
| Antibiotics
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| What is the Chlamidia?
| The obligate intracellular parasites, which lack mechanisms for production of metabolic energy and cannot, synthesize ATP, Gram negative.
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| What are the species of Chlamidia?
| Chlamidia trachomatis, Chlamidia psittaci,
Chlamidia pneumoniae.
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| What is the developmental cycle of Chlamidia?
| All chlamidia have a common reproductive cycle. The environmentally stable infectious particle is a small cell (elementary body). Following attachment, the elementary body is taken by phagocytosis into the host cell in a vacuole derived from the host cell surface membranes. This elementary body is reorganized into a large one (reticulate body). Within the membrane-bound vacuole, the reticulate body grows in size and divides repeatedly binary fission. Eventually, the entire vacuoles become filled with elementary bodies derived by binary fission from reticulate bodies to form the inclusion in the host cell cytoplasm. The newly formed elementary bodies may be liberated from the host cell to infect new cells.
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| How chlamidia is staining by Giemsa’s metod?
| Elementary body stain purple in contrast to the blue cytoplasm, the reticulate body stain blue.
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| What are antigens of chlamidia?
| Group specific lipopolysaccharides, species and serovar-specific antigens are mainely outer membrane proteins. (There are 15 serovars of Chlamidia trachomatis (A, B, Ba, C-R, L1-L3).
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| What disease is causing by Chlamidia trachomatis?
| Trachoma, sexually transmitted disease, lymphogranuloma venereum.
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| Source of infection of diseased caused by Chlamidia?
| Patient, bacteria-carrier for Chlamidia trachomatis and Chlamidia pneumonia, animals for Chlamidia psittaci.
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| Laboratory diagnosis of Chlamidia diseases
| Cultivation in cell culture, serology (IFT), and nucleic acid detection.
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| Immunity
| Immunity is incomplete, humoral and cellular, type specific.
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| Treatment of Chlamidia disease
| Antibiotic.
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| What are diseases caused by Chlamidia pneumonia?
| Respiratory disease
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| What is disease caused by Chlamidia psittaci?
| Ornithosis (psittacosis)
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| What is material taken from a patient with diseased caused Chlamidia psittaci?
| Blood, sputum for detection of C. psittaci on the 1-th week, serum on the 2-4-th week for examination of the titre of antibody.
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| What are method used for laboratory diagnosis of psittacosis?
| Cultivation in chicken embryo, cells cultures, serology (IFT), nucleic acid detection and skin-allergic test.
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| What are methods used for laboratory diagnosis of the diseases caused by Chlamidia pneumonia?
| IFT.
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