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Telescoping —see blending.

Term— a word or word-group used to name a notion characteristic of some special field of knowledge, industry or culture, e.g. linguistic term:suffix, borrowing, polysemy; scientific term:radius, bacillus, technical term:ohm, quantum, etc.

Thematic— of or constituting a theme or themes.

Thematic group— a group of words belonging to different parts of speech and joined together by common contextual associations, e.g. sea, beach, sand, wave, to swim, to bathe, etc, they form a thematic group because they denote sea-objects.

Transform— the result of transformation, see next.

Transformation(al) analysisin lexicology — the method in which the semantic similarity or difference of words (phrases) is revealed by the possibility of transforming them according to a prescribed model and following certain rules into a different form, called their transform. The conditions of the sameness of meanings between the original form and the transform are prefixed (as a rule the sameness of the kernal morpheme is also prefixed in the transformational analysis of words), e.g. daily — occurring every day, weekly — occurring every week, monthly — occurring every month, blue-eyed — with blue eyes, see lexical transformation.

Transformation potential— the possibility of transformation; it is usually symbolized by an arrow, e.g. red-haired— with red hair.

Translation loans (loan-translations)— words and expressions formed from the material available in English by way of literal word-for-word or morpheme-for-morpheme translation of a foreign word or expression (i.e. formed according to patterns taken from another language), e.g. masterpiece (German: Meisterwerk); collective farm (Russian ๊๎๋๕๎็); self-criticism (Russian ๑เ์๎๊๐่๒่๊เ); what goes without saying (French cela va sans dire), etc.

 

 

U

Umlaut(syn. vowel mutation)— a partial assimilation to a succeeding sound, one of the causes of sound interchange, e.g. food —feed, full —feel. See sound interchange.

Unmotivatedsee motivated( phrase, word).

Unproductivesee productive,also see affix, prefix, suffix.

Ultimate constituents(U.Cs) — all the morphemes of a word (i.e. constituents incapable of further division into any smaller elements possessing sound-form and meaning). The term is usually used in morphemic and I.C.s analysis of word-structure.

 

V

Valency (valence)— the combining power or typical cooccurrence of a linguistic element, i.e. the types of other elements of the same level with which it can occur, see lexical valency.

Kinds of valency: lexical valency— the aptness of a word to occur with other words, grammatical valency— the aptness of a word to appear in specific syntactic structures.

Valency of affixes— the types of stems with which they occur.


Date: 2016-01-03; view: 1338


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Specialization of meaning —see narrowing. | Concentric-zone theory - A theory of urban growth devised by Ernest Burgess that sees growth in terms of a series of rings radiating from the central business district.
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