All the life-supporting regions (ecosystems) on the Earth and all the interactions that occur among organisms and between organisms and the environment.

Ecology.

3. Surrounding of the individuals in which an organism lives and which affects it is :

Habitat.

4. The objects of ecology in order to become more complicated:

Organisms-populations-communities- Ecosystem – Biosphere.

5. The objects of ecology in order to become less complicated:

Biosphere – Ecosystem – Communities – Populations - Organosms

6. Section of ecology that studies an effect of environmental factors to individual organisms is Autecology.

7. Structure, number and dynamic processes in a population are studied by

Demecology.

8. Section of ecology that studies biotic relationships between different species is

Synecology.

9. For the spotted owl, “old growth forest” is its:

Habitat

10. Habitats are

Physical area in which an organism lives; different types of environment which provide food and shelter for living things.

11. Ecological niches of species living together

Can never overlap.

12. An ecosystem includes

all the interacting parts( living organisms and environment) in an area.

13. Ecosystem is all EXCEPT:

14. Complex system that includes all interacting species in a particular area is called

Ecosystem.

15. All the populations in an area form

Community.

16. Primary succession is the sequential replacement of populations

In an area that has not previously supported life, such as bare rock or a sand dune.

17. Secondary succession is the sequential replacement of populations that occurs in all cases, EXCEPT in disrupte habitat

Secondary Succession – the sequential replacement of population in disrupted habitats that have not been totally stripped of soil and vegetation.

18. The biological community on the islands created after volcanic eruption is the result of secondary succession.

19. Old field succession is

a version of secondary succession – the replacement of population abandoned farm field .

20. Any factor affected organisms is:

21. Organisms in the deserts must be adapted to low levels of

Water.

22. Ecological factors that limit life in the ocean BUT DO NOT usually limit distribution of life on the land are:

23. Adaptation of life in a river is primarily determined by gradient or current

24. An estuary is

a biome where the freshwater rivers and streams flow into the sea.

25. Ecological factors that limit life distribution in tundra’s permafrost are permafrost

26. Permafrost is

Permanently frozen layer of ground over 500 m thick.

27. The neritic zone is in:

28. Plants and animals become adapted to life in particular biomes through a process of evolution by natural selection.

29. Organisms with a large range tolerance to an ecological factor are called

Eyrobionts.

30. Organisms with a narrow range tolerance to temperature are called

Stenobionts.

31. Plants of dry habitats adapted to drought and water shortage are

Xerophytes.

32. Organisms with a constant temperature not depending on environment temperature are homeothermics.

33. Organisms with a body temperature depending on environment temperature are poikilotehermics.

all the life-supporting regions (ecosystems) on the Earth and all the interactions that occur among organisms and between organisms and the environment.

Biosphere – an area of the earth where life exists.

36. The concept of living component of biosphere was proposed by

Suess.

37. Evolution stage of biosphere transformed by people activity and changed by their scientific consciousness is

Noosphere.

38. The exchange pool for carbon in a carbon cycle is:

Atmosphere

39. An example of a reservoir for phosphorus would be:

Certain rocks

40. Natural environment that is weakly changed by human is

First nature.

41. Environment created by people is

Third nature.

42. Social environment includes

Date: 2016-01-03; view: 2037