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Table 23.2. THE DISTINGUISHING FEATURES OF FERNS
| Indicators | Dryopteri, filix - mas | Athyrium filix - temina | Matteucia Btruthiopteris |
| rhizome | askew growing, thick, with round remnants of petioles (in cross section) with 7 vascular bundles | askew growing, with remnants of triangular petioles and two flattened vascular bundles (in the cross section). | Verticall ,bulb-like, with underground sprout, with the remains triangular, zhelobovidnyh petioles and two vascular bundles ( in cross-section) |
| Leaves | Elliptical, sophiifolia, with a sharp-toothed margins, length of 30-100 cm | 30 - 150 cm in length, oblong, cut with a sharp serrated margins | 60 - 100 cm in length, broadly, with sophiifolia undivided margins |
| Sorus | Round, convergence in 2 rows around the central rib | Hooked located along veins, with curved, persistent | Rounded located along veins, rounded deciduous bract on separate, small, brown, cylindrical rolled leaves |
| Areas of distribution | Almost all of Ukraine, rarely in the south | Almost all of Ukraine, rarely in the south | Carpathians, rarely Polesye |
Table 23.2. THE DISTINGUISHING FEATURES OF EQUISETUMS
| Indicators | Equsetum arvense | Å. prdtense | Å. palustre | Å. majus | Å. sylvaticum |
| Stems (sterile) | Bright green ring-branched, 30 - 40 cm height, ribbed, without siliceous hillocks | Bluish-green, ring-branched, 30-50 cm height, ribbed coated silica, hillock | Green, ring-branched, deeply ribbed (with raised edges), 15 - 50 cm height | Pale green, ring-branched, 50 - 100 cm height, clear ribbed | Bright green ring-vetvis-tye, thin 10 -50 cm height, with ribs and some warts between |
| Vaginas | Cylindrical, toothed, teeth triangular-lanceolate, blackish, fringed with white borders, fused to 2 - 3. Their length is equal to half the length of the vagina tube. | Cylindrical, teeth not fused, broadly, with little noticeable border | Cylindrical, bell-shaped, teeth broadly, black with a wide white border | Cylindrical, pressed to the stem teeth subulate. Their length is the length of the vagina tube | cylindrical;sharp teeth, light brown, usually fused to 2 - 5 |
| Branches | Obliquely upwards directed, unbranched, 4 - 5-sided | Squarrosely or recurved down, unramified branched | Upward and curved arcuately inward | Dense, obliquely upward directed, simple (unbranched) | Drooping, "soft", in turn branched (again) |
Answer to MCQ
1.Fern trees occur whereas moss trees do not because
a.ferns do not require swimming sperm
b.the moss sporophyte grows taller than the gametophyte
c.the fern tree is a sporophyte, and the gametophyte grows low on the ground while the moss gametophyte grows relatively tall
d.the fern spores are catapulted away from the sporophyte
2.The plant life cycle is categorized as
a.Haplodiplontic
b.Diplontic
c.Haplontic
d.Triplontic
3.The sporophytes of the hornworts
a.are entirely independent of the gametophyte
b.provide all of the nutrition for the gametophyte
c.are entirely dependent upon the gametophyte
d.provide part of the nutrition for the gametophyte
4.The mature male gametophyte of pine is
a.as pollen grain
b.the germinated pollen grain containing two sperm
c.a tree bearing pollen
d.the pollen producing cone
5.The mature female gametophyte of an angiosperm is
a.the archegonium and its egg cell
b.the ovule inside the ovary
c.the carpel after pollination
d.an embryo sac with eight nuclei and seven cells
6.Seedless vascular plants include
a.Anthophyta
b.Ginkophyta
c.Cycadophyta
d.Lycophyta
e.Gnetophyta
7.In which of the following phyla are the sperm not motile?
a.Cycadophyta
b.Gnetophyta
c.Ginkophyta
d.Lycophyta
e.Psilophyta
8.The plant classification level sometimes called division corresponds to the level of _______________ .
a.Phylum
b.Class
c.Order
d.Family
e.Division
9.Which of the following is part of the gynoecium?
a.Anther
b.Filament
c.Carpel
d.Stamen
e.Sepal
10.Which of the following do not have nutritionally independent gametophytes?
a.Masses
b.Iverworts
c.Gnetophytes
d.Hornworts
e.Bryophytes
11.The specialized pores called _______________ allow carbon dioxide to enter a plant with a minimum loss of moisture.
a.Setae
b.Opercula
c.Stomata
d.Hornworts
e.Styles
12.The process of double fertilization is unique to
a.Angiosperms
b.Cycads
c.Gymnosperms
d.Ginkos
e.Ferns
13.In plant life cycles, which of the following sequences is correct?
a.sporophyte, mitosis, spores, gametophyte
b.spores, meiosis, gametophyte, mitosis
c.gametophyte, meiosis, gametes, zygote
d.zygote, sporophyte, meiosis, spores
14.Which of the following is not a vascular plant group?
a.Gnetophyta
b.Anthocerotophyta
c.Psilophyta
d.Sphenophyta
e.Cycadophyta
15.In the Arctic, _______________ are the most abundant plants.
a.Mosses
b.Liverworts
c.Hornworts
d.Conifers
e.Angiosperms
16.A characteristic feature of mosses, liverworts and hornworts is the presence of usually colorless projections called
a.Rhizoids
b.Micorrhizae
c.Rhizomes
d.Roots
e.root hairs
17.The development of a vascular system in plants allowed:
a.water to move from the roots to the leaves
b.carbohydrates to move from the leaves to the roots
c.a rigid structure that enabled plants to grow taller
d.both a and b
e.a, b, and c
18.The phylum of plants that includes mosses is:
a.Hepaticophyta
b.Anthocerophyta
c.Bryophyta
d.Pterophyta
e.Lycophyta
19.Which of the following is not a characteristic of ferns?
a.Ferns are seedless.
b.Ferns are small plants.
c.Most ferns grow in the tropics.
d.Ferns need water for reproduction.
e.All of the above are correct.
Date: 2016-01-03; view: 1435
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