literary translation is more art than craft which is accounted for by the nature of literary texts. Translation of a literary text is unique and unprecedented; it cannot be standardised and obeys almost no rules.
Unlike literary texts the texts of official documents are highly standardised: this applies both to the structure of the whole text (macrostructure) and to the arrangement of individual paragraphs and sentences (microstructure).
2. What is peculiar about the text of official documents?
texts the texts of official documents are highly standardised: this applies both to the structure of the whole text (macrostructure) and to the arrangement of individual paragraphs and sentences (microstructure).
3. What is a text frame? Define it. What are the frame slots and slot fillers? Give examples of text frames with slots.
A frame is understood as a set language structure with changeable elements
The changeable elements within a text frame are called slots.
the blank spaces represent the slots to be filled with slot fillers (by the date, company names, addresses etc. in this example).
4. What is the main approach to the translation of official documents?
The task of a translator translating official documents is to find target language equivalents of the source text frames and use them in translation as standard substitutes, filling the slots with frame fillers in compliance with the document content.
Basic need satisfaction scale
Questionnaire
Instructions: Please, answer questions with the following instructions. Thanks for your help and participation!
Age________
Circle the option that fits you
Gender: Male Female
Nationality: Russian Czech American Other
University you are studying in:
UNYP
AAU Charles University
VSE CVUT
MUP Other
Please, circle the option that suits to you
1. I feel like I am free to decide for myself how to live my life.
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not at all somewhat very
truetruetrue
2. I really like the people I interact with.
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not at all somewhat very
truetruetrue
3. Often, I do not feel very competent.
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not at all somewhat very
truetruetrue
4. I feel pressured in my life.
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not at all somewhat very
truetruetrue
5. People I know tell me I am good at what I do.
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not at all somewhat very
truetruetrue
6. I get along with people I come into contact with.
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not at all somewhat very
truetruetrue
7. I pretty much keep to myself and don't have a lot of social contacts.
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not at all somewhat very
truetruetrue
8. I generally feel free to express my ideas and opinions.
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not at all somewhat very
truetruetrue
9. I consider the people I regularly interact with to be my friends.
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not at all somewhat very
truetruetrue
10. I have been able to learn interesting new skills recently.
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not at all somewhat very
truetruetrue
11. In my daily life, I frequently have to do what I am told.
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not at all somewhat very
truetruetrue
12. People in my life care about me.
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not at all somewhat very
truetruetrue
13. Most days I feel a sense of accomplishment from what I do.
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not at all somewhat very
truetruetrue
14. People I interact with on a daily basis tend to take my feelings into consideration.
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not at all somewhat very
truetruetrue
15. In my life I do not get much of a chance to show how capable I am.
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not at all somewhat very
truetruetrue
16. There are not many people that I am close to.
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not at all somewhat very
truetruetrue
17. I feel like I can pretty much be myself in my daily situations.
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not at all somewhat very
truetruetrue
18. The people I interact with regularly do not seem to like me much.
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not at all somewhat very
truetruetrue
19. I often do not feel very capable.
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not at all somewhat very
truetruetrue
20. There is not much opportunity for me to decide for myself how to do things in my daily life.
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not at all somewhat very
truetruetrue
21. People are generally pretty friendly towards me.
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not at all somewhat very
truetruetrue
For each of these extracts, circle how likely you are to read the book:
“The rainy moon of all the world is weary,
And from its urn a gloomy cold pours down,
Upon the pallid inmates of the mortuary,
And on the neighbouring- outskirts of the town.” –Charles Baudelaire, Flowers of evil
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Very unlikely Perhaps Very likely
“I wake to the drone of an airplane engine and the feeling of something warm dripping down my chin. I lift my hand to feel my face. My front four teeth are gone, I have a hole in my cheek, my nose is broken and my eyes are swollen nearly shut. I open them and I look around and I'm in the back of a plane and there's no one near me. I look at my clothes and my clothes are covered with a colorful mixture of spit, snot, urine, vomit and blood.” – James Frey, A million little pieces
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Very unlikely Perhaps Very likely
“In the history of science we have discovered a sequence of better and better theories or models, from Plato to the classical theory of Newton, to modern quantum theories. It is natural to ask: Will this sequence eventually reach an end point, an ultimate theory of the universe, that will include all forces and predict every observation we can make, or will we continue forever finding better theories, but never one that cannot be improved upon?” – Stephen Hawking, The Grand design
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Very unlikely Perhaps Very likely
“All the materials of thinking are derived either from our outward or inward sentiment: the mixture and composition of these belongs alone to the mind and will. Or, to express myself in philosophical language, all our ideas or more feeble perceptions are copies of our impressions or more lively ones.” – David Hume, An Enquiry Concerning Human Understanding
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Very unlikely Perhaps Very likely
“On 10 May 1933, German students organized an "act against the un-German spirit" in nineteen university towns across the land. They compiled a list of "un-German" books, seized them from all the libraries they could find, piled them up in public squares and set them alight. In Berlin the book-burning event was joined at the students’ request by Joseph Goebbels. He told them that they were "doing the right thing in committing the evil spirit of the past to the flames" in what he called a "strong, great and symbolic act.””- Richard J. Evans, The coming of the Third Reich
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Very unlikely Perhaps Very likely
Aragorn led them to the right arm of the River. Here upon its westernside under the shadow of TolBrandir a green lawn ran down to the water fromthe feet of Amon Hen. Behind it rose the first gentle slopes of the hillclad with trees, and trees marched away westward along the curving shores ofthe lake. A little spring fell tumbling down and fed the grass.'Here we will rest tonight,' said Aragorn. `This is the lawn of ParthGalen: a fair place in the summer days of old. Let us hope that no evil hasyet come here.'–John R. Tolkien, The fellowship of the Ring
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Very unlikely Perhaps Very likely
“I assume that something happened to Harriet here on the island,”Blomkvist said, “and that the list of suspects consists of the finite number of people trapped here. A sort of locked-room mystery in island format?”Vanger smiled ironically. “Mikael, you don’t know how right you are. Even I have read my Dorothy Sayers. These are the facts: Harriet arrived here on the island about 2:10. If we also include children and unmarried guests, all in all about forty family members arrived in the course of the day. - Larsson Stieg, The Girl with the Dragoon Tatoo
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Very unlikely Perhaps Very likely
George reached.The clown seized his arm.And George saw the clown’s face change. What he saw then was terrible enough to make his worst imaginings of the thing in the cellar look like sweet dreams; what he saw destroyed his sanity in one clawing stroke. They float,' the thing in the drain crooned in a clotted, chuckling voice. It held George’s arm in its thick and wormy grip, it pulled George toward that terrible darkness where the water rushed and roared and bellowed as it bore its cargo of storm debris toward the sea. George craned his neck away from that final blackness and began to scream into the rain, to scream mindlessly into the white autumn sky which curved above Derry on that day in the fall of 1957. – Stiven King, IT
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Very unlikely Perhaps Very likely
‘Or bid me go into a new-made grave,
And hide me with a dead man in his shroud -
Things that, to hear them told, have made me tremble -
And I will do it without fear or doubt,
To live an unstain'd wife to my sweet love.’ - William Shakespeare, Romeo and Juliet
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Very unlikely Perhaps Very likely
Well might I dread, well might I dislike Mrs. Reed; for it was her nature to wound me cruelly; never was I happy in her presence; however carefully I obeyed, however strenuously I strove to please her, my efforts were still repulsed and repaid by such sentences as the above. Now, uttered before a stranger, the accusation cut me to the heart; I dimly perceived that she was already obliterating hope from the new phase of existence which she destined me to enter; - Charlotte Bronte, Jane Eyre
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Very unlikely Perhaps Very likely
Cross in the box that most appropriately defines your attitude towards each genre