The Purpose of State Punishment

Вариант № 1

I. Read the text for general understanding.

The organization of the police

1. The organization of the police services in the Netherlands is regulated by the Police Act of 1957, under which the police are divided into two categories. One is the national "State Police Corps" covering the smaller municipalities, which total 736 and have a combined population of about five million people. The Minister of Justice is responsible for the internal organization and general management of this Corps, which has a current strength of about 8,000 men. The other is the municipal police, consisting of 130 separate municipal corps, which cover the larger municipalities, with an aggregate population of about eight million. The mayor of each municipality is formal head of the local police, and the strength and composition of each municipal corps is determined by the Minister of Home Affairs. Municipal corps comprise 16,000 men in all.

2. The duties of the police under the Police Act are "to maintain the legal order and five assistance to those in need of it, in subordination to the competent authorities and according to the ruled of law". From this Act three tasks are deduced:

(1) maintaining public order;

(2) law enforcement;

(3) assisting people who need help.

II. Check the comprehension of the text by choosing the answer, which you think, is correct.

1. What is the organization of the police services in the Netherlands regulated by?

a) by Criminal Code;

b) by the Police Act of 1957;

c) by moral and legal traditions.

2. How many categories are the police divided into?

a) the police are not divided at all.

b) the police are divided into three categories.

c) the police are divided into two categories.

3. Who is responsible for the internal organization?

a) the Minister of Justice;

b) the mayor;

c) the Minister of Home Affairs.

III. Check the comprehension of the text "The organization of the police" by choosing the answer, which you think, is correct.

1. The organization of the police services in the Netherland is regulated by the Police Act of 1957.

a) It's not absolutely right;

b) Yes, it is absolutely true;

c) No, it is not quite so.

2. One of the tasks of the police is assisting people who need help.

a) Yes, it's quite right;

b) It's mainly true;

c) It's not absolutely so.

3. The mayor of each municipality is formal head to the state police.

a) it's not quite so.

b) yes, it's quite right;

c) on the contrary, the mayor is the head of the local police.

IV. Finish up sentences according to the text:

1. The Minister of Justice is responsible for...

a) the general management of Corps;

b) the internal organization of Corps;

c) the internal organization and general management of Corps.

2. The mayor of each municipality is ...

a) the chief of the state police;

b) formal head of the local police;

c) the chairman of the Municipal Executive.

3. The duties of the Police are ...

a) to maintain the legal order;

b) to give assistance to those in need of it;

c) to maintain the legal order and to give assistance to those who need it.

Вариант № 2

I. Read the text for general understanding.

The Purpose of State Punishment

What is the purpose of punishment? One purpose is obviously to reform the offender, to correct the offender's moral attitudes and anti-social behaviour and to rehabilitate him or her, which means to assist the offender to return to normal life as a useful member of the community. Punishment can also be seen as a deterrent because it warns other people of what will happen if they are tempted to break the law and so prevents them from doing so. However, a third purpose of punishment lies, perhaps, in society's desire for retribution, which basically means revenge. In other words, don't we feel that a wrongdoer should suffer for his misdeeds? The form of punishment should also be considered. On the one hand, some believe that we should "make the punishment fit the crime".

Those who steal from others should be deprived of their own property to ensure that criminals are left in no doubt that crime doesn't pay. For those who attack others corporal punishment should be used. Murderers should be subject to the principle "an eye for an eye and a tooth for a tooth" and automatically receive the death penalty. On the other hand, it is said that such views are unreasonable, cruel and barbaric and that we should show a more humane attitude to punishment and try to understand why a person commits a crime and how society has failed to enable him to live a respectable/law-abiding life.

Notes: to tempt - соблазнять

a revenge - месть

II. Translate the text up to the end, beginning with "Those who steal...".

III. Check the comprehension of the text by choosing the answer, which you think, is correct.

1. Punishment can be seen as a deterrent

a) it is not quite so, because it doesn't warn some people of what will happen;

b) yes, it is absolutely true;

c) some people are not punished and it doesn't prevent them from doing so.

2. A wrongdoer should suffer from his misdeeds.

a) murderers shouldn't receive the death penalty;

b) a wrongdoer should be deprived of his property;

c) society must punish the criminal for his misdeeds.

3. The purpose of punishment is to assist the offender to return to normal life.

a) yes, it is true, to correct the society;

b) yes, it is true, to rehabilitate his or her relatives;

c) yes, it is absolutely true, to correct the offender.

IV. Complete the sentences by choosing the phrase, which you think is correct.

1. The purpose of punishment lies in retribution, which mean ...
a) punishment; b) desire; c) revenge.

2. Punishment can be a deterrent because ...

a) it prevents them from doing so;

b) it warns other people if they break the law;

c) it breaks the law.

3. Some people believe that we should ...

a) steal from others;

b) deprive of their property;

c) make the punishment fit the crime.

V. Chose the correct translation of the following words.

1. a murder

а) убийца b) убийство с) преступление

2. a death penalty

а) телесное наказание b) смертная казнь с) убийство человека

3. a wrongdoer

а) правонарушение Ь) злодеяние с) правонарушитель

Вариант № 3

I. Read the text for general understanding.

Date: 2015-12-11; view: 1383