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morpheme feautures of words and gramm meanings
Categorical notions
Gramm forms and categories
Each class of words is characterized by a certain number of categories. Some of them are really important to the Parts of the language.(N, V, adj, adv etc.) gramm categories
Categorical notions
Category --- a specific form of a presentation. ---symbolizes the most general notion ---a system of expressing generalized gramm meaning by means of paradigmatic correlation of gramm forms ---is a paradigm (is a set of forms)
Opposition (Trybetskoj) opposition of forms is a paradigm too. ---binary privative oppositions (Pr Ind Past Ind, sing plur) ---strong (marked) member of opposition + - (to be written) ---weak member of opposition - - (to write) is the most typical in English ---equipollentisolated opposition (is, am, are) ---gradual oppositions (good, better, the best) oppositional substitution one form is used instead of the other form. (man-men) + sharp substitution of forms (to be or not to be) reduction: Neutralisation of the opposition one member of the form is used in general (man is fool) Transposition ( I just quite dont like her eye)
Gramm forms and categories
Grammatical forms:
Lecture 5 the Verb, complexity and categorial specifics
1. the verb: situation and reality Categorial meaning Functional value Forms of WB Classes of verbs
Notional verbs Types of categorization verbs combining power valency The synt valency
Verbals Finite and non finite The verbals paradigm
1. the verb: situation and reality
Verbs categorial meaning process developing in time
WB specifics: 1. simple (go, take, try, sing) 2. sound replacive (blood-bleed, food-feed) 3. stress replacive (export to export) 4. composite (blackmail to blackmail) 5. expanded (normal normalize)
Linear characteristics: --- continuous / discontinuous --- full nominative value notional verbs / partial nominative value semi notional verbs functional --- perceptional (seem, look) --- factual (to become, to grow) --- linking verbs - Linking function
combining power valency
Date: 2015-12-11; view: 1409
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