POST-READING TASKS

Task 1.Answer the following questions.

1. What do we mean by the cardiovascular system?

2. What does the heart consist of?

3. What is blood made up of?

4. What is the function of platelets?

5. What are the main functions of blood?

6. What does the term “respiration” mean?

7. What does the respiratory system in man include?

8. How does air pass from the nasal cavities into the larynx?

9. What is the structure of bronchi and lungs?

10. Does the chest cavity have communication with the outside?

Task 2.Say if the following statements are correct. If not, give the right variant.

1. Arteries are thinner than veins.

2. The center of the circulatory system are the arteries.

3. The ventricles propel blood to the lungs.

4. Blood regulates the body temperature.

5. The main function of white cells is to carry oxygen to all body’s cells.

6. The nasal cavities are not separated from the mouth.

7. The opening to the larynx, called the glottis, is always closed.

8. In the walls of the smaller bronchioles and the air sacs are the alveoli.

9. The chest cavity is bounded by the chest wall.

10. The diaphragm separates the chest region from the abdominal region and doesn’t play any role in breathing.

Task 3.Match the following terms with their definitions.

Task 4.Use the words in the box to fill in the blanks.

All animals need to 1)__________ materials around to the different parts of their body. This is the job of the 2)_________ system. The circulatory system consists of a liquid called 3)_________, a pump called the 4)________ and a series of vessels called 5)__________ and 6)__________.

One thing that must be transported around is a gas called 7)_________. Oxygen enters the blood through the 8)_______. It is then pumped through the heart and round the body where it is used along with the food to make energy. The body produces another gas called 9)____________, which is a waste product. This gas is carried back to the heart and then to the lungs where it is released back into the atmosphere.

The vessels that transport blood away from the heart are called arteries. The blood in arteries is 10)_________ red because it is rich in oxygen. The vessels that transport blood to the heart are called veins. The blood in veins is 11)_______ red because it is low in oxygen. 12)________ are small vessels that join the arteries and veins.

13)_______ from food are also transported around the body by the circulatory system. They enter the blood from the small 14)________. The circulatory system also helps to regulate temperature by transporting 15)________ around the body.

All animals need 1)________ to make energy from food. We get this oxygen from the 2)_______ that we breathe. In order to get the oxygen into the blood where it can be transported to the rest of the body, the air travels through a system of organs called the 3)_______ system.

When you 4)_________, air enters the body through the 5)_______ or the 6)________. From there it passes through the 7)________, which forces air into the 8)_________ and food into the esophagus. The air travels down the trachea into two branching tubes called 9)_________ and then into the 10)________.

In the lungs oxygen from the air enters the 11)________. At the same time, the waste gas 12)____________ leaves the blood and then leaves the body when you 13)_______. Some 14)_________ also leaves the body when you exhale, which is why mirrors get foggy when you breathe on them. The 15)_________ is the muscle that controls the lungs.

It is important to keep the respiratory system clear so oxygen can keep flowing into your body. If something gets in your nose and irritates it, you 16)_______. If something gets in your trachea or bronchi and irritates it, you 17)_________. If something irritates you diaphragm, you 18)_____. Finally, if the 19)______ thinks you are not getting enough oxygen, then it forces you to 20)_____.

TRANSLATION: Translate the sentences into English.

1. Кровеносная система есть не у всех живых организмов.

2. Кровеносная система состоит из многочисленных сосудов, причем каждый выполняет свою функцию.

3. Потеря крови, возникающая в результате разрыва сосудов, снижается благодаря особому механизму.

4. Температура тела регулируется охлаждением определенных органов и тканей.

5. В крови содержатся небольшие частицы – тромбоциты, которые помогают крови сворачиваться.

6. Ноздри, содержащие маленькие волоски для очищения поступающего воздуха, едут в носовые полости.

7. Трахея отличается от пищевода хрящевыми с-образными кольцами.

8. Диафрагма представляет собой крепкий куполообразный слой скелетных мышц.

9. Во время вдоха межреберные мышцы расслабляются и ребра двигаются вниз и внутрь.

10. Объем грудной клетки увеличивается в результате нескольких физических изменений.

SPEAKING:Divide into two groups and prepare presentations of human circulatory and respiratory systems.

Date: 2014-12-29; view: 1702