![]() CATEGORIES: BiologyChemistryConstructionCultureEcologyEconomyElectronicsFinanceGeographyHistoryInformaticsLawMathematicsMechanicsMedicineOtherPedagogyPhilosophyPhysicsPolicyPsychologySociologySportTourism |
E.g. I can do it. He should do it. She needs to do it. We are able to do it. They have to do it. You are to do it. He needs to do it. Etc.
3.5.1. Study the list of meanings expressed with the help of phrasal modals. Give your own examples.
3.5.2. Match grammar structures with their meaning (be critical with your choice)
3.5.3. Fill in the gaps with the appropriate choice. Explain the difference. 1. Mozart at the age of five … play the piano as an experienced adult. 2. By the age of five many children … reading more and more words. 3. The diplomat … in the Hague. We met in Geneva. 4. You … take the underground to the airport. It's the fastest. 5. The granny … done the washing up. We are using the dishwasher. 6. You … always help those in need. 7. This guy … end up in prison. 8. The child … been treated in such a way. 9. Mankind … win a victory over AIDS! 10. You … use the radioactive chemicals from this laboratory.
1. A/ could B/ was able to C/ is said D/ must have 2. A/ will begin B/ must C/ should begin D/ are to begin 3. A/ can't be B/ couldn't be C/ can't have been D/ shouldn't be 4. A/ can B/ must C/ ought to D/ should 5. A/shouldn't have B/needn't have C/mustn't have D/ oughtn't to have 6. A/ ought to B/ must C/ need to D/ have to 7. A/ can B/ might C/ may D/ should 8. A/ shouldn't have B/ needn't have C/oughtn't to have D/must have 9. A/ will B/ shall C/ should D/ could 10. A/ shouldn't B/ needn't C/ oughtn't to D/ mustn't
3.5.4. Fill the gaps in the text below with the missing language.
3.5.5. GRAMMAR-GLOSS. Read the text only once and write a free version of what you have read. Focus on modal verbs. Everyone should know that 300 million people world-wide are obese, and 750 million are overweight. World public has demanded the World Health Organization reconsider plans to tackle global obesity rates. Further discussion will be needed before a final plan is approved. Some experts question the proposal that food industry should introduce cuts in salt, fat and sugar intake across the world. Many argue that promoting healthier lifestyles must be given a priority, not dieting. To all intents and purposes, obesity may be a risk factor for heart disease and other life-threatening conditions. That is why, WHO is saying that the food industry ought to make deeper cuts in sugar and fat contained in food. Another policy is that advertising healthier lifestyle is to begin soon. On thing is clear. Consumers must be cautioned against the so called "comfort food". The plan is to take consumers out of their "comfort zone". Everybody must understand that "having one's fill" on a regular basis may have dangerous consequences. Importantly, adults ought to set a good example of healthy diets and life style to children. The problem is that food industry is fearing profit losses and insists that recommendations on sugar and salt should be based on hard science. They claim that individuals need the right of choice and ought to eat a balanced diet, living a healthier lifestyle. Well, this might be true, given that people get access to reliable information on which food and lifestyle can make them healthier.
3.5.6. Recall, imagine and describe general abilities of home pets, their possible behaviours and dangers, as well as give recommendations for making the pets feel better. Focus on the use of modals.
CONDITIONALS 4.1. Zero conditional. If/when … + Verb + Verb. E.g. If they do … we do … First conditional. If/when/unless/provided … + Verb + will/shall Verb. E.g. Provided he does … I will do … Second conditional. If … + Verb(ed) + would Verb. E.g. If she did … he would do … Third conditional. If … + had Verb3 … + would have Verb3. If they had done … we would have done … Mixed conditional. If … + had Verb3 … + would Verb . E.g. If we had done … they would do … Phrase conditionals. I wish …+Verb(ed). E.g. He wishes you did not do/had not done … 4.1.1a. Study the list of meanings expressed with the help of Zero conditional. Give your own examples.
4.1.1b. Study the list of meanings expressed with the help of First conditional. Give your own examples.
4.1.1c. Study the list of meanings expressed with the help of Second conditional. Give your own examples.
4.1.1d. Study the list of meanings expressed with the help of Third conditional. Give your own examples.
4.1.1e. Study the list of meanings expressed with the help of Mixed conditional. Give your own examples.
4.1.1f. Study the list of meanings expressed with the help of phrase conditionals. Give your own examples.
4.1.2. Match grammar structures with their meaning (be critical with your choice)
4.1.3. Fill in the gaps with the appropriate choice. Explain the difference. 1. If people smoke, they … so many risks! 2. Everybody knows that if you go along this road it … much longer. 3. … you come late, we will leave you a note on the door. 4. I will give you a ring … you forget to bring me the diskette. 5. If you weren't young, you … able to rent a car. 6. You would oblige me if you … to meet my colleague. 7. If you … stop smoking, you … be sorry later. 8. Bill would not have passed the exam, if he … revised thoroughly. 9. We … standing here had it not been for our saviour. 10. I … Mr. Railing would not be so stubborn.
1. A/ run B/ will run C/ are running D/ were run 2. A/ will take B/ is taking C/ takes D/ will be taking 3. A/ Unless B/ Until C/ Provided D/ If 4. A/ until B/ lest C/ if D/ unless 5. A/ will be B/ would have been C/ were not D/ were 6. A/ agree B/ will agree C/ would agree/agreed D/ agreed 7. A/ don't…will B/ didn't…will C/ didn't…would D/ don't …would 8. A/ had not B/ did not C/ were not D/ was not 9. A/ would be B/ would not be C/ wouldn't have been D/ were not 10. A/ if only B/ had better C/ have better D/ would rather
4.1.4. Fill the gaps in the text below with the missing language.
4.1.5. GRAMMAR-GLOSS. Read the text only once and write a free version of what you have read. Focus on the use of conditionals. The sceptics had better hold their breath lest they be shocked. There is a parrot who knows as many words as a human child. I wish parents and teachers knew that he is even making similar errors, e.g. "flied" for "flew". If the parrot did not "know" Past Simple Tense, he would not use the "ed" ending. The scientists would be brought up short if they were told that a parrot knew 950 words. They would be further stunned should they learn that the bird had a sense of humour and was able to invent words in novel situations. Yet, this African grey is a reality. A reporter recently told readers that he would have never believed the story, should he not have seen the bird live. This parrot is believed to be one of the most advanced users of human language in the animal world. If animals have any intelligence at all, this parrot will be the brightest. If this bird could read, he would be able to cope with a wide range of material unless the language is too technical. The more we look at the cognitive abilities of this parrot, the more advanced they seem to appear featuring even telepathy. If his owner opened cards with pictures in the next room, the parrot was likely to name the pictures correctly in more cases than would be by chance. Many clairvoyants would be ashamed suppose they competed with the bird in extrasensory perception. If only the bird could tell us more about his life we would hear fascinating revelations. Provided we were able to ask the bird of his needs, we could improve quality of this parrot's life for years, as parrots are long-lived.
4.1.6. Describe a situation in which everything went wrong. Focus on the use of conditionals.
Date: 2015-12-11; view: 1618
|