Many in affirmative sentences has a restrict use. Many is possible when preceded by a good/a great.

I’ve made a good many friends here.

When not modified, many, as object or part of the object, is usually replaced by a lot (of)/lots of (+noun) or by a lot or lots (pronouns).

They spent a lot/lots of/a great deal of money on their house.

Both much and many are possible when modified by so/as/too, and we use them freely in negative sentences.

He gets a lot of letters but I don’t get many. Do you know many people here ?

You have a lot of free time but I haven’t much. He doesn’t earn much money now.

11. Comparisons with like and alike.

I’m very like my mother. We are very alike.

like + noun: He worked like a slave. (very hard)

as + noun: He worked as a teacher. (He was a teacher.)

12. the + adjective with a plural meaning (they) are used to represent a group of people and nationalities.

As a rule when the poor get poorer, the rich become richer.

‘Do the English speak English?’ asked my friend after one day in England.

13. Adjective + one/ones. Most adjectives can be used with the pronounsone/ones, when they represent a previously mentioned noun.

I lost my old glasses. These are new ones.

14. If you compare two things, use comparative degree. If you compare three or more things, use superlative degree.

There are two rooms in our flat, the larger of which is our sitting room.

There are three rooms in our flat, the smallest of which is my father’s study.

Irregular Comparative and Superlative Forms

Late: later – latest (refers to time)

latter – last (refers to position)

I haven’t heard the latest news.

Ours is the last house in the street.

Old: elder – eldest (for people only in the same family)

older – oldest (for people and things)

My father is the eldest in our family.

I get on well with my elder sister.

Elder is not used with than following. We use older instead:

I am five years older than my brother.

Far: farther/farthest and further/furthest (about distances)

further/furthest (additional)

You live father than I thought.

I must have a reply without further delay.

Turkey is the farthest/furthest I’ve ever been.

Near: nearer/nearest (denotes distance)

next (denotes position)

This is the nearest post-office to our house.

My uncle lives next door.

15. Comparative Constructions with the Adjectives.

Note: Words that can further intensify a comparative form are: much, far, rather, a little, a bit, slightly, no, a lot, even,etc.

The book is much more interesting than the film.

The son is much richer than his father.

Your car if far better than mine.

My new watch is far more expensive than the old one.

16. A number of adjectives have acquired some or all of the characteristics of the noun.

a) a native – the natives, a Russian – the Russians, a German – the Germans;

b) the rich, the unemployed, the good, the evil, the beautiful, the English.

17. There are many pairs of adjectives in English ending in – ing and – ed