Great Patriotic War of 1941-1945: Origins, results, lessons

June 22, 1941, the Great Patriotic War. As conceived by the Nazi strategists, according to the plan "Barbarossa", the territory of Kazakhstan was to include in the "Grossturkestan." But the Soviet people courageous resistance tore plans "lightning war".

From the first hours and days on the territory of Kazakhstan formation of military units. Total was formed 12 rifle, four cavalry divisions, seven brigades, about 50 separate regiments and battalions of the different branches of service. Three cavalry divisions and two infantry brigades were Kazakh national.

During the war years in the army was intended to 1,366 thousand Kazakhstan. To work in the industry mobilized 670,000 people. At the same time, the territory of Kazakhstan arrived evacuees and repressed about 1.5 million people.

During the war, when I was lost most of the territory where the focused strategic resources and production, the role of Kazakhstan has grown immeasurably. War demanded increase production of ferrous and non-ferrous metals, coal and oil, and rare metals. In Kazakhstan were evacuated 220 factories. Republic gave 85% lead, 35 Cu, 60 molybdenum, bismuth 65, 79 ores. Karaganda miners during the war, was given 34 million tons of coal, a 39% increase in oil production. Famous for rural workers. World Records for growing grain set Sh Bercy, I. Jahan. Increased livestock and cattle herder saved evacuated Mukhashev J. and S. tabunschitsa Shugaipova. Famous for many others who have won the title of Hero of Labor.

Genuine heroism of Kazakhstan in the Great Patriotic War. One of the first punch Nazis took over the legendary defenders of the Brest Fortress Kazakhstan FURSOV B. and K. Turdiev. Covered themselves with everlasting glory Kazakh soldiers in the Battle of Moscow. In the defense and breaking the blockade of Leningrad actively participated 310th and 314th divisions of Kazakhstan, and just under a third of Kazakhstan's Leningrad fighting forces. In the battle of Stalingrad was contested by five infantry, cavalry division, marine infantry brigade, mortar regiment and a separate bridge-building battalion formed in Kazakhstan. At the cost of his own life made here exploits the Hero of the Soviet Union, pilot-Karaganda N. Abdirov and mortar K. Spataev, Lieutenant G. Rabaev and others. Thousands of Kazakhs laid down their lives, covering himself the glory of Kursk, in the battles for the liberation of Ukraine and Belarus, the Baltic States and Moldova, Poland, Hungary, Czechoslovakia, Austria. In the battle for Berlin, one of the first hoisted the flag of victory over the Reichstag R. Koshkarbaev. Thousands of Kazakhs were members of the guerrilla movement, the resistance movement, the war in the Far East and the defeat of Japan's Kwantung Army.

For feats in World War II about 500 Kazakhs were awarded the title of Hero of the Soviet Union, Kazakhstan 110 were awarded the Order of Glory of three. Killed in battle, died from wounds and disease, disappeared and never returned from captivity 630 thousand people. This means that every second citizen of Kazakhstan, who took up arms, put his head on the altar of Victory.

Date: 2015-01-29; view: 1013