Virgin lands: the economic, environmental and socio-demographical effects.

The main reason – lack of housing. For October 1, 1955 collective farms constructed of planned 19500 houses only 4711, the construction Ministry – 58 years ago February-March plenum (1954) of the Central Committee of CPSU in the resolution "About Further Increase in Production of Grain in the Country and about Development Virgin and Laylands" put forward a problem of the considerable expansion of cultivated areas. From them 6367 thousand hectares should be mastered in one year in Kazakhstan. The word "Celinum" at the senior generation always associated with such concepts, as labor heroism, dedication, patriotism, high civic consciousness. Hundred thousands tselinnik who have arrived to Kazakhstan from all corners of the Soviet Union, made, appear, the impossible: for short term gave to the country a huge Kazakhstan loaf, constructed hundreds new state farms. They with honor passed labor examination. In a pursuit of high rates heads gave command to plow almost all new lands, including sukhostepny, semidesertic and even strongly saline which were subject to a wind erosion. It was one of the reasons sharp reduction of pasturable grounds, and in a result and a cattle livestock which from 1928 for 1954 decreased almost twice. However, for the sake of justice it is necessary to tell that thanks to body height of a virgin grain farm, strengthening of comprehension of importance of development of animal husbandry since 1955 body height of cattle, sheep and goats was observed. These pros and cons are clear. And at the same time today from positions of the modern judgment of those years, actions of the allied and republican authorities on realization of party installations it is possible to tell unambiguously that the virgin soil as an epoch-making event in life of the country took place. Other question, by what price it was reached. In any case positive and negative estimates of development of virgin soil supplement each other and therefore reproduce the true picture more fully. Today, from height of nearly 60 years of the beginning of development virgin and laylands, we can tell that work of pervotselinnik was not in vain, Kazakhstan became among leading grain powers of the world. Kazakhstan citizens over the years learned to grow up steadily big crop, to master the modern technologies of cultivation and cleaning grain, to make thrifty use of the earth, to develop agricultural science. Especially it is noticeable in days of independence at the expense of development of market economy. And nevertheless we always have to remember those pioneers who in days of heartrending experiences forged the potent industrial and agrarian potential of our Homeland. Their labor feat should not be forgotten

Date: 2015-01-29; view: 739