THE HISTORY OF TEXTILES

Exercise 1. Read the words with their translation and memorize them.

Exercise 2. Read and translate the text

The History of Textiles

The history of textile is almost as old as that of human civilization and as time moves on the history of textile has further enriched itself. Yarn, fabrics, and tools for spinning and weaving have been found among the earliest relics of human habitations. In the 6th and 7th century BC, the oldest recorded indication of using fiber comes with the invention of flax and wool fabric at the excavation of Swiss lake inhabitants. In India the culture of silk was introduced in 400AD, while spinning of cotton traces back to 3000BC. In China, the discovery and consequent development of sericulture and spin silk methods got initiated at 2640 BC while in Egypt the art of spinning linen and weaving developed in 3400 BC.

About the 4th century AD, Constantinople began to weave the raw silk imported from China. A century later silk culture spread to the Western countries, and textile making developed rapidly. By the 14th century splendid fabrics were being woven on the hand looms of the Mediterranean countries in practically all the basic structures known to modern artisans, and there has been no change in fundamental processes since that time, although methods and equipment have been radically altered.

The discovery of machines and their widespread application in processing natural fibers was a direct outcome of the industrial revolution of the 18th and 19th centuries. The discoveries of various synthetic fibers like nylon created a wider market for textile products and gradually led to the invention of new and improved sources of natural fiber.

Handloom of the 17 century

Exercise 3. Answer the following questions.

1. How old is the history of textile?

2. Where have yarn, fabrics, and tools for spinning and weaving been found?

3. When was the culture of silk and spinning of cotton introduced in India?

4. When did the discovery and consequent development of sericulture and spin silk methods begin in China?

5. When did the art of spinning linen and weaving developed in Egypt?

6. When did Constantinople begin to weave the raw silk imported from China?

7. When did silk culture appear in the Western countries?

8. When were splendid fabrics being woven on the hand looms of the Mediterranean countries?

9. Have methods and equipment been radically altered since that time?

10. Was the discovery of machines and their widespread application in processing natural fibers a direct outcome of the industrial revolution of the 18th and 19th centuries?

11. What led to the invention of new and improved sources of natural fiber?

Exercise 4. Translate the following phrases and word-combinations into Ukrainian.

Exercise 5. Make up sentences using the words below. Put them into right order.

1. defined, are, yarns, are, the, knitted, fabrics, Textiles, woven, to make, or, as, that.

2. integral, daily, of, human, thousands, Textiles, part, life, years, of, been, an, for, have.

3. 5000 BC, Egypt, in, and, earliest, The, India, China, to appear, cotton, and, being, instances, around, silk, of, linen

4. be, several, derived, Textiles, sources, can, from.

5. have, manufacturing, and, Modern, capacity, speed, production, ago, levels, of, to, rate, the, even, years, unthinkable, increased, 200.

Date: 2015-01-29; view: 1333