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| Social and economic origins of terrorism
| Levels of expressing social relations involving authority and power
| | Public demands are channeled via political units and institutions
| | Voting after election campaigns
| | Lobbying by special interest groups (corporate, ethnic, religious, etc)
| | Focused on altering social structures, changing value systems
| | Uses revolutionary means of expression
| | Groups (or individuals) make general calls for use of violence against the will of society. Usually incorporates religious and ethnic arguments.
| | Terrorists and terrorist organizations commission acts that the extremists are speculating on
| | Extremism should be distinguished from abetting to commit a terrorist act
| | The acts are perpetrated for various social goals that cannot be achieved otherwise
| | Terrorist activity is being used as a source of income for organizers and members of terrorist groups
| | · Terrorist activity existed since the dawn of humanity. There were Jewish groups active during Roman occupation (the Sicarii and the Zealots), the Ismailis (an 11th century Shia Muslim sect), the Tugs (an Indian religious cult).
· The term “terrorists” was first used during the French Revolution when M. Robespierre participated in public executions of over 40,000 people by guillotine. He wrote: “Without virtue, terror is destructive; without terror, virtue is impotent. Terror is only justice prompt, severe and inflexible.”
· Wide-spread terrorist activity in late 19th – early 20th centuries perpetrated by anarchists and revolutionaries as part of their struggle against ruling regimes.
· Linking of terrorism and organized crime in late 20th century. The rise of international terrorism, including Al-Qaida and the Taliban.
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Date: 2015-01-29; view: 786
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