CBC Odessa area is mostly from the border regions of Romania and Moldova in the framework of the "Lower Danube" Euroregion.

Table 1.

The “Lower Danube” Euroregion

Foremost among the positive factors of cross-border cooperation is Euroregional geopolitical and geo-economic position of the Odessa region. Odessa region has the longest border of all Ukrainian border regions, it is 1234 km, of which 176 km - border with Romania on the Danube River, 268 km - the Black Sea from Turkey, Romania and Bulgaria, and 790 km - land border with Moldova , of which 386 km - border with unrecognized Transnistrian republic. In the region there are 67 border crossing points, of which 26 are international.

The most important negative factor affecting the status and development of CBC in Euroregion "Lower Danube", a weak economic, especially trade relations with neighboring countries in the region (Table 2).

Table 2.

Odessa region’s foreign trade

As for investment links Odessa area with neighboring countries, then as of October 1, 2011 in the region were registered 64 enterprises from the Moldovan capital. At the same time in the Odessa region was invested 1,677 thousand USD of Romanian origin (4 companies), representing 0.1% of all foreign direct investment in the region.

An important factor that influences the development of cross-border cooperation with neighboring Odessa Oblast region of the Republic of Moldova and Romania, Ukraine has political relations with these countries. In the diplomatic relations of Ukraine with its south-western neighbors there is a certain tension. The reason for this are two territorial conflicts: on site highway Odessa-Reni in the village. Palanka with Moldova and Snake Island to Romania.

Another important factor is the negative inertia of local authorities in implementation euroregional cooperation, the reason why, first of all, is the lack of regional powers necessary for such cooperation. That is exactly the Ukrainian law is a deterrent of European regions in Ukraine.

Another negative factor of CBC - the low level of involvement in cross-border cooperation of business and public sector. This is because Ukrainian Euroregions established administrative method - the founders of these structures is the regional authorities and governing bodies of lower units (counties and town councils) actually removed from the system of cross-border cooperation. The essential problem of Euroregion "Lower Danube" as well as a lack of funding his activities as Ukrainian side, so the part of neighboring countries.

There is also a problem of inconsistency of legislation of Ukraine, Moldova and the EU, presented the Romanian side: differences in customs and tax legislation, lack of financial agencies that specialize in doing calculations in national currency and credit border projects affecting the development of the Euroregion "Lower Danube". Another problem is the fact that the activities of partners is not always sufficiently coordinated, and many plans are "on paper".

The efficiency of cooperation within the Euroregion "Lower Danube" also affects its great size: for example, in Europe Euroregions area is typically 5-10 thousand square kilometers, population - about 1 million people, and the size of Euroregion "Lower Danube" constitute 53 550 km ², its 4 million people inhabit. These dimensions affect the formation efficiency of European regions.

Table. 3.

Odessa Region Gross Regional Product

Table. 4.

Odessa Region foreign trade, thousands USD

Table 5.

Date: 2014-12-21; view: 1216