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no article
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the definite article
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the indefinite article
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| 1.
| Names of
continents,
countries,
counties,
states,
provinces, cities/towns,
villages,
streets
| Europe
Australia
Antarctica
Latin America
North America
Central Asia
Oxfordshire
Texas
Edinburgh
Petrovka
Regent Street
Red Square
but: Argentina
| *with the names of countries, collective or plural, including words republic, union, kingdom, states, emirates, federation:
The United States
The Soviet Union
The United Kingdom
The Russian Federation
The United Arab
Emirates
The Irish Republic/ the
Republic of Ireland
The Netherlands
The German Federal Republic
but: FRG
*if the geographical name is modified by a limiting attribute:
e.g. the England of today.
the Moscow he was born in.
*exceptions:
the Argentine
the Caucasus
(the) Congo
the Crimea
the Gambia
the Hague
(the) Lebanon
the Philippines
the Riviera
(the) Ruhr
the Saar
(the) Senegal
the Ukraine
the West Indies
| when a geographical name is modified by a descriptive attribute:
It was a different Paris, unknown to him.
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| Oceans, seas, rivers, channels, canals, straits
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| the Arctic (Ocean)
the Antarctic (Ocean)
the Pacific (Ocean)
The Indian (Ocean)
the Mediterranean (Sea)
the Thames
the English Channel
the Suez Canal
the Bering Strait
the Magellan Straits
the Dardanelles
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| bays, gulfs
| Hudson Bay
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| lakes
| if the word lake is used:
Lake Baikal
Lake Michigan
Lake Erie
Lake Huron
Lake Ontario
Lake Windermere
Lake Superior
| if the word lake is not used:
the Baikal
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| waterfalls
| Niagara Falls
Victoria Falls
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| mountains
| peaks:
Elbrus
Ben Nevis
Mount Everest
Etna
| mountain ranges/chains/passes:
the Rocky Mountains/
the Rockies
the Andes
the Alps
the Urals
the Saint Gotthard Pass
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| islands
| a single island:
Madagascar
Easter Island
Cyprus
Jersey
Man, Java
| groups of islands:
the Bermudas
the Bahamas
the Canaries/the Canary Islands
the Hawaii
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| peninsulas
| Hindustan
| if the word peninsula is used:
the Balkan peninsula
the Hindustan peninsula
the Arabian Peninsula
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| capes
| Cape Horn
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| deserts
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| the Sahara
the Gobi
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| plains
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| the Great Plains of the American Midwest
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| regions
| northern England
| the Arctic
the Antarctic
the North of England
the Middle East
the Far East
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| geographical names, containing the preposition of
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| the City of New York
the Bay of Bengal
the Bay of Biscay
the Gulf of Mexico
the Straits of Gibraltar
the Strait of Dover
the Isle of Wight
the Mount of Olives
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