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Simple phraseological compound
Nominal verbal
The Simple Predicate
is expressed by a finite verb in a simple or compound tense form. It generally denotes an action (seldom a state).
eg. When he stopped no one said anything.
He had been thinking of letting him escape.
The Phraseological Predicate
is expressed by a phraseological unit where the first component is a finite verb which has lost its concrete meaning to a great extent & a noun which forms one unit with the verb, consequently this noun cannot be treated as an object to the verb.
eg. The girl gave a laugh.
(The girl gave a book to me. - a simple predicate + an object)
Phraseological units may be of two types.
| I type a finite verb + a noun formed from the verb & used with the indefinite article | II type a finite verb + an abstract noun usually without any article |
| have a smoke give a smile give a laugh take a look make a move | get rid get in touch lose sight take care make fun |
The Compound Predicate
consists of two parts:
- a finite verb which expresses the verbal categories of mood, tense, aspect, voice, person & number, besides it has a certain lexical meaning of its own;
- some other part of speech (a noun, an adj, a verbal, etc) which is the sifnificant part of the predicate too.
The Compound Nominal Predicate
denotes
- the state or quality or
- the class of persons or things to which this person or thing belings to
consists of a link verb + a predicative (a nominal part)
The link verbs
according to the meaning can be of two types
| of being & remaining | of becoming |
| be, remain, keep, continue, smell, look, seem, appear, stand, sit, lie,shine, etc | become, get, grow, come, go, leave, run, turn, make, etc |
eg. He felt exhausted. The door remained open. The flowers smell good.
I got married a year ago. He will make a good husband. The lights turned red.
The link verbs
| can completely lose their concrete meaning | can partly preserve their meaning | can fully preserve their meaning |
| (the verb to be only) The door was open. The student is smart. | The cucumber tastes bitter. He felt bad. She has grown angry. His hair went grey. | She sat silent & motionless. He died a hero. She married young. The moon was shining bright & cold. They met friends & parted enemies. He went home happy. |
The Predicative
can be expressed by
1. a noun (in the common or possessive case) or a nominal phrase
eg. She is a pretty child. The book is John's.
A prepositional phrase
eg. I am on your side.
An adjective or an adjectival phrase
eg. She looks awfully bad.
4. a pronoun or a pronominal phrase
personal eg. It was he/ him.
possessive eg. The guns were his.
defining eg. That is all.
indefinite eg. It is something.
negative eg. You are nobody.
interrogative eg. Whatis he?
reflexive eg. She was herself again.
A word of the category of state (a stative)
eg. I am afraid I can't do it.
6. a numeral (cardinal or ordinal) or a numeric phrase
eg. I am only 46. He was the first to break the silence
An infinitive, an infinitive phrase, an for-to infinitive construction
eg. June's first thought was to go away.
June's first thought was to leave the house.
The best thing was for her to go away.
Date: 2016-06-12; view: 651
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