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Task 2. Answer the following questions.
1) Is there a generally recognized definition of information warfare?
2) What story does the author allude to when trying to describe the difficulties in defining information warfare?
3) What definition of information warfare is given by the author?
4) Why is information collection considered to be an element of information warfare?
5) What tools are used to transport information?
6) How are the weapons used to protect information classified?
7) What is information manipulation?
8) What techniques are used to prevent the enemy from getting complete, correct information?
9) What is spoofing?
10) When is the technique of background noise particularly effective?
11) How does the technique of overloading work?
12) How did a college student manage to bring down the Whitehouseemail server?
13) What countermeasures for defending against information collection do you know?
14) What are the methods of destroying the enemy’s system of information transport?
15) How is it possible to prevent data from manipulation?
16) What techniques are specifically designed to counteract the weapons described for performing disturbance, degradation, and denial attacks?
LANGUAGE FOCUS
Task 1. Skim the text again and find all possible word combinations with the following words and translate them into Russian:
Information technologies protection weapons communication
Task 2. Look up the collocations with the words “cyber”, “technique”, “security”, “computer”, “to employ”, “to deliver” in the dictionary, find collocations with them in the above text and fill in the table. The first one - “information” - has been done as an example.
| Key word | V+N | A+N | V+Adv | N+Pr+N |
| Information | to provide ~ to disseminate~ | ~ technology, ~ warfare, essential ~, | access to ~, leak of ~ | |
| Cyber | ||||
| Technique | ||||
| Security | ||||
| Computer | ||||
| To employ | ||||
| To deliver |
Task 3. Paraphrase the following word combinations:
to yield results
to assemble information
to pose threats
complex information warfare
enemy's collection facilities
to degrade the quality of information
to detect bad data
to sit in a storage facility
to follow a networked paradigm
communication infrastructure
Task 4. Match the words from two columns to make up collocations.
| to guess | technologies |
| IW | of cryptography |
| sophistication | to protected information |
| vital data | passwords |
| to defend against | storage facilities |
| reconnaissance and surveillance | data manipulation |
| to gather | community |
| to decode | severe damage to |
| information dependent | accurate information |
| to get access | computer-generated messages |
| to cause | society |
Task 5. Suggest as many synonyms as you can for the words below. Consult the dictionary.
to assemble information
to cause damage
realm of information warfare
to protect information
enjoy decisive advantages
far-reaching effects
to corrupt data
to disseminate information
Date: 2016-04-22; view: 1632
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| Information Disturbance, Degradation, and Denial | | | MODEL. TV DEBATES OF POLITICIANS |