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Theories of Self DevelopmentElements of Culture 6.A nation’s flag is: a. A symbol 7.The existence of social norms, both formal and informal, is one of the main things that inform ___________, otherwise known as a way to encourage social conformity. c. social control 8.The biggest difference between mores and folkways is that a. mores are primarily linked to morality, whereas folkways are primarily linked to being commonplace within a culture 9.The notion that people cannot feel or experience something that they do not have a word for can be explained by: b. Sapir-Whorf 10.Cultural sanctions can also be viewed as ways that society: c. Regulates behavior Pop Culture, Subculture, and Cultural Change 11.An example of high culture is ___________, whereas an example of popular culture would be____________. a. Dostoevsky style in film; “American Idol” winners 12.The Ku Klux Klan is an example of what part of culture? a. Counterculture 13.Modern-day hipsters are an example of: c. subculture 14.Your 83-year-old grandmother has been using a computer for some time now. As a way to keep in touch, you frequently send e-mails of a few lines to let her know about your day. She calls after every e-mail to respond point by point, but she has never e-mailed a response back. This can be viewed as an example of: a. cultural lag 15.Some jobs today advertise in multinational markets and permit telecommuting in lieu of working from a primary location. This broadening of the job market and the way that jobs are performed can be attributed to: d. globalization 16.The major difference between invention and discovery is: b. Discovery involves finding something that already exists, but invention puts things together in a new way 17.That McDonald’s is found in almost every country around the world is an example of: b. diffusion Theoretical Perspectives on Culture 18.A sociologist conducts research into the ways that Hispanic American students are historically underprivileged in the American education system. What theoretical approach is the sociologist using? c. Conflict theory 19.The Occupy Wall Street movement of 2011 grew to be an international movement. Supporters believe that the economic disparity between the highest economic class and the mid to lower economic classes is growing at an exponentially alarming rate. A sociologist who studies that movement by examining the interactions between members at Occupy camps would most likely use what theoretical approach? a. Symbolic interactionism 20.What theoretical perspective views society as having a system of interdependent inherently connected parts? b. Functionalism 21.The “American Dream”—the notion that anybody can be successful and rich if they work hard enough—is most commonly associated with which sociological theory? c. Conflict theory Solutions 1B 2D 3C 4A 5D 6A 7C 8A 9B 10C 11A 12A 13C 14A 15D 16B 17B 18C 19A 20B 21C Types of Societies 1.Which of the following fictional societies is an example of a pastoral society? c. The Hunti, a wandering group of nomads who specialize in breeding and training horses 2.Which of the following occupations is a person of power most likely to have in an information society? a. Software engineer 3.Which of the following societies were the first to have permanent residents? c. Horticultural 4.2 Theoretical Perspectives on Society 4.Organic solidarity is most likely to exist in which of the following types of societies? b. Industrial 5.According to Marx, the _____ own the means of production in a society. c. bourgeoisie 6.Which of the following best depicts Marx’s concept of alienation from the process of one’s labor? a. A supermarket cashier always scans store coupons before company coupons because she was taught to do it that way. 7.The Protestant work ethic is based on the concept of predestination, which states that ________. d. God has already chosen those who will be saved and those who will be damned 8.The concept of the iron cage was popularized by which of the following sociological thinkers? a. Max Weber 9.Émile Durkheim’s ideas about society can best be described as ______. a. functionalist 10.Mary works full-time at an office downtown while her young children stay at a neighbor’s house. She’s just learned that the childcare provider is leaving the country. Mary has succumbed to pressure to volunteer at her church, plus her ailing mother-in-law will be moving in with her next month. Which of the following is likely to occur as Mary tries to balance her existing and new responsibilities? a. Role strain 11.According to Peter Berger and Thomas Luckmann,society is based on_ a. habitual actions 12.Paco knows that women find him attractive, and he’s never found it hard to get a date. But as he ages, he dyes his hair to hide the gray and wears clothes that camouflage the weight he has put on. Paco’s behavior can be best explained by the concept of ___________. b. the looking-glass self Solutions 1C 2A 3C 4B 5C 6A 7D 8A 9A 10A 11A 12B Theories of Self Development 1.Socialization, as a sociological term, describes: b. how people learn societal norms, beliefs, and values 2.The Harlows’ study on rhesus monkeys showed that: d. social comfort is more important than food 3.What occurs in Lawrence Kohlberg’s conventional level? c. Children begin to consider what society considers moral and immoral. 4.What did Carol Gilligan believe earlier researchers into morality had overlooked? c. The perspective of females 5.What is one way to distinguish between psychology and sociology? d. All of the above 6.How did nearly complete isolation as a child affect Danielle’s verbal abilities? a. She could not communicate at all. Date: 2016-04-22; view: 2308
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