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To do smth in roughTo make rough notes a rough translation("ðàáî÷èé ïåðåâîä") — either a translation in rough, or an approximate translation A rough copy This should be used only when something is being copied and not, for example, for a composition or exercise. Here rough version or to do smth. in rough is more appropriate. a rough version("÷åðíîâîé âàðèàíò") A rough draft This is used mainly of letters, contracts, treaties, books, etc. It is not generally used in teaching. 234. neat/best/fair book This is an exercise book in which the pupils do work which is to be given in and marked by the teacher. It may be either classwork or homework, although it is more often homework. It must be in ink (ball-point pens are also usually accepted now) and not only legible, but neatly written and set out. (More will be said about setting work out in units 309-316.) On the cover of these books the children write, for example: David Bridges, 4B French Neat Book Neat book is clearer than best book, because the words neat and neatly are often used in schools in such sentences as: a. Jeans work is very neat. b. You must write more neatly. Fair book does not appear to be widely used. 235. Neat, bestand fairare also used in the expressions:
neat/best (home)work to do something in neat/best A fair copy only in schools This may be either a rough version written out neatly, or the best possible version of a translation, from the linguistic point of view, which a teacher dictates to the class after marking and returning their translations. (This is done mainly with translations into a foreign language.) Unlike rough, the adjectives neat, best and fair are not used with the words notes, translation, version, draft. If someone has made rough notes on something and then rewrites them neatly, possibly with certain modifications and additions, one may use the expression to write/copy up one's notes. If someone has done a rough translation, one may say, to write/ copy the translation out (again) neatly or to make a fair copy (see above). After the rough version or draft of something comes not the neat version but the final version. 236. Usage of rough/neat book a.— For homework I want you to do the translation on page 5 in your neat books/in neat. b.— Take out your rough books and do exercise 3. å.— Write the answers to the questions on the board in your rough books. When we've corrected them I want you to copy the correct version into your neat books for homework. The subject (English, history, etc.) is rarely included in these expressions in class, since, when a lesson is in progress, it is quite clear what subject is meant. Outside the classroom, however, it may be necessary to specify the subject. e.g. d.— How can I do my homework? I've left my history neat book at school. å.— My maths rough book's full (up). I must remember to get a new one, Note the frequent use of my, your, his, her, etc. with books. It is much more common than the definite article. Sometimes it is the subject, rather than the type of book, which is important, since the type is already clear from the context, or is not important. e.g. f.— How can I do my history homework? I've brought my geography book ("òåòðàäü ïî ãåîãðàôèè") by mistake. g.— Lend me your physics book ("òåòðàäü ïî ôèçèêå") tonight, will you, so that I can copy up the notes. EXERCISE BOOKS USED IN SOVIET SCHOOLS 237. òåòðàäü — exercise book, notebook(see units 225, 226) However, remember that simply bookis used in many situations (see units 216, 236). òåòðàäü â ëèíåéêó — lined exercise book/notebook Date: 2016-04-22; view: 1245
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