The Health Ñàrå System in the USA is organized in three levels: family doctor, the medical institution or hospital and the US Public Health Service.
À family or private doctor gives his patients regular examinations. In case professional service and ñàrå is needed the family doctor arranges for the specialist or a hospital for his patients. The family doctor receives pay directly from the patient. Most physicians have private practice. They make use of hospital facilities whenever necessary. À family doctor either has his own private office or works with several other doctors in the so-called group practice.
But many Americans have no family doctor and they ñîmå directly to the hospitals for all their medical needs. There are government-financed and private hospitals. The patients are admitted to hospitals or clinics staffed by consulting physicians, residents, interns and highly skilled nurses. The nursing stuff is very important. Nurses are in close contact with patients as long as they are in hospital.
Most hospitals have at least the following major medical departments or units: surgery, obstetrics and gynecology, pediatrics and general medicine. They may also have trauma and intensive ñàrå unit, neurosurgical, renal ñàrå unit and psychiatric unit. Emergency units are very special in the hospitals. Emergency patients acquire immediate attention.
The cost of medical ñàrå in the USA is very high. Most of the population (75%) has their health insurance, life insurance, disability protection and retirement benefits at their place of employment.
The great cost of medical ñàrå in the country and a great number of people who could not pay for it had forced the federal government to develop two programs — Medicaid and Medicare. Medicaid is a federal-state program providing free medical ñàrå for the poor, the blind, disabled and dependent children. Medicare is a federal program providing partially free medical ñàrå for the elderly people over 65 at the expense of health insurance and the government.