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The interrogative sentencesInterrogative sentences ask for some information. There are 4 types questions in the English language: General question; Alternative question; Disjunctive question; Special question. General (Yes/No) question They ask if the statement is positive or negative and request ……………
Auxiliary verb – Subject – Predicate Ex: Does she work well? (rise intonation) NOTE: Yes/No question can be………. Negative General questions In negative general question there is a different in word order between the full form and short form. Ex: Did he not invite you out? “Not” is used after the subject. Short form Ex: Didn’t he invite you out? “Not” is used with a auxiliary verb or with a link-verb. We generally ask negative questions: 1. When we are expecting or hoping for the answer “yes”. Ex: Don’t you remember the holiday we had in Spain? – Yes, I do. 2. When we wish to express surprise, disbelieve or exasperation. Ex: Can’t you really ride a bicycle. – No, I can’t. 3. When we wish to persuade somebody. Ex: Won’t you help me? 4. In exclamation with falling intonation. Ex: Isn’t cold. Isn’t cold here. 5. We use full form in formal questions or when we are request special emphasizes to express anger, surprise and different kind of emotions. Ex: Have I not ask you again and again to be here on time. Yes/No short answers (+) Yes, subject pronoun + auxiliary verb / link-verb (-) No, subject pronoun + auxiliary verb / link-verb + not Alternative question Alternative question mean choice to a number of actions, things and etc. Conjunction “or” is used here.
[ ] if next word begin consonant Or [ ] if next word begin vowel In indirect word order is used we use a rising intonation before the conjunction “or” and then a falling intonation at the end of sentence. Ex: Is that ball ↑big or ↓small? Disjunctive question Disjunctive questions are short questions. That follow a statement and repeat it’s meaning. Disjunctive questions are often used in conversation to invite agreement and are translated in Russian with a help of: “íå òàê ëè”, “íå ïðàâäà ëè”, “äà âåäü”. Disjunctive questions consist 2 parts: 1. statement with DIRECT word order; 2. tag question.
auxiliary verb / link-verb + not + subject / personal pronoun If the statement is affirmative, the tag question is negative. And vice versa. Ex: He is a student, isn’t he? or He is not a student, is he? And the statement is generally pronounces with a falling intonation and the tag question with a rising intonation. Ex: He never ↓smoke, does ↑he? NOTE 1: “that” and “this” “this” and “that” are replace by “it” “these” and “those” are replaced by “they”
This That These Those
It It Ex: This is expensive, isn’t it? NOTE 2:The link-verb with the first person singular. Ex: I’m late, aren’t I? I’m not late, am I? NOTE 3: Let’s → shall we Ex: Let’s go to the cinema, shall we? NOTE 4: (+) (-) (-) (+) must → needn’t musn’t → may Ex: I must do my HW, needn’t I? Special question Special question may refer to any word of the sentence and they begin with an interrogative word: - who - what - which - when - what time - where - what kind of - why - whose - whom - how many/much - how long - how far. Inverted word order for information. question – auxiliary verb – subject – predicate word – secondary part order Ex: Why do you cry? What kind of books do you like? What* country do you come from? * If a question is asked to an attribute you should put question “what” before the nouns they refer to. And this nouns should be used without any article. Ex: Which house do you live in? Date: 2016-03-03; view: 2370
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