Compensatory and adjustment processes. 3 page

Osteosarcoma

Endometrial carcinoma

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A 34-year-old woman presented with a hoarseness of a voice. A laryngoscopy revealed a tumour of a larynx. The neoplasm had a grey-white color and papillary surface. Microscopical investigation showed a new growth of a connecting tissue, covered by a stratified epithelium with the marked keratinization. Cellular atypia was absent. Most likely the tumor is:

@Papilloma

Fibroma

Polyp

Angioma

Angiofibroma

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A man was performed a removal of a skin neoplasm, node with papillary surface that looks like cauliflower cabbage, of thick consistency. Microscopically tumour consists of numerous papillae. Parenchyma is made of cover epithelia with multiple layers. Polarity of cells, stratification, and basal membrane integrity are not changed. Stroma of the tumour is situated in its centre. Name the diagnosis.

@Papilloma

Fibroma

Adenoma

Fibroadenoma

Cystadenoma

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A 15-year-old boy is found to have a small, dense, nodule at his right forearm skin. Grossly it had a papillary surface, which looked like a cauliflower. Microscopically, the tumor consists of many papillae. Parenchyma formed of integumentary epithelium with an increased amount of layers. The polarity of epithelial cells, their stratification and membrane wholeness are preserved. A connective tissue forms a stroma within a center of papillae. What is the most likely diagnosis?

@Papilloma.

Fibroma.

Adenoma.

Fibroadenoma.

Cystadenoma.

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A 50-year-old female is found to have a urinary bladder neoplasm. Biopsy investigation revealed that tumor consists of thin, branching out papillae, covered with few layers of transitional cell epithelium. What is the most likely diagnose?

@Papilloma

Basal cell

Transitional cell carcinoma

Squamous cell carcinoma

Fibroadenoma

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A new growth of the skin of solid consistency, that looks like a nodule with papillar surface and reminds cauliflower was removed. Microscopically the tumour consists of many papillae. Parenchyma is formed of integumentary epithelium with an increased amount of strata. The polarity of cells, stratification and the intact membrane are saved in the epithelium. The tumour stroma is located in the center of papillae. What is the most possible diagnosis?

@Papilloma

Fibroma

Adenoma

Fibroadenoma

Cystadenoma

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A previously healthy 66-year-old man has been feeling tired for 5 months. He goes to his physician, who performs a complete physical examination, including stool guaiac, which is positive. A colonoscopy is performed, and a large, sessile 4.5 cm mass with surface ulceration is found in the cecum. A biopsy of this mass microscopically shows irregular glands with crowded, tall columnar cells having marked nuclear hyperchromatism. Which of the following statements about his condition is most accurate?

@His relatives have hereditary adenomatous polyposis

There is lack of apoptosis from a faulty Bcl-2 gene

A p53 mutation is present in the neoplastic cells

He has hereditary non-polyposis colon cancer

He has inherited a faulty Rb gene from one parent

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A 23-year-old woman presents with a 0.4 cm nodule within the skin on the left side of her neck. The clinical removes the lesion and sends it to the pathology lab, calling it a “sebaceous cyst”. Histologic sections reveal a cystic structure is the dermis that is filled with keratin and lined by a stratified squamous epithelium, which has a granular cell layer. This cyst is not ruptured, no adnexal structures are seen within the wall of the cyst, and no atypia is present. Which of the following is the most likely diagnosis?

Acrochordon

Cystis hygroma

@Epithelial inclusion cyst

Intradermal nevus

Pilar cyst

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A 38-year-old woman was diagnosed a tumour in the parotid gland. It consists of separate nodules that are separated by strata of connective tissue. Pathohistologically: the cells are of epidermoid type and form solid structures. Mucous-productive cells form tension bars that cover cavities with mucous. The third element of the tumour is small cells with hyperchromic nucleus. What tumour is meant?

Papillary cystadenoma

Acinocellular tumour

@Mucoepidermoid tumour

Adenolymphoma

Adenocystic carcinoma

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A healthy 22-year-old woman undergoes a routine physical examination. A discrete, firm, rubbery, movable mass is found in the left breast. She has no axillary lymphadenopathy. The skin overlying the breast and the nipple appear normal. Which of the following neoplasms is most likely to be present?

@Fibroadenoma

Leiomyoma

Malignant lymphoma

Intraductal carcinoma

Lipoma

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A physical investigation of a 25-year-old-woman revealed in her breast a dense node 1,0 cm in diameter. A biopsy research showed encapsulated growth of a connective tissue round a basal membrane of a mammary gland ducts. Glandular elements had different diameter, did not form lobes. What is the most likely diagnosis?

@Fibroadenama

Fibroma

Metastasis of a cancer

Adenoma

Fibrous cancer

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A 45-year-old woman presented to oncology with a breast tumor. A biopsy revealed a tissue atypia with stromal predominance over neoplastic parenchyma. Breast ducts and ductules were variable, they had one or two layered epithelium without atypical mitotic activity. The intralobular stroma was dence. What is the most likely diagnosis?

@Fibroadenoma

Papilloma

Non-invasive carcinoma

Invasive carcinoma

Mastitis

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The intraoperational biopsy of mammal gland has revealed the signs of atypical tissue with disorder of parenchyma stroma proportion with domination of the last, gland structures of the different size and shape, lined with single-layer proliferative epithelium. What is the most appropriate diagnosis?

Mastitis

Papilloma

Noninfiltrative cancer

@Fibroadenoma

Infiltrative cancer

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A histological investigation of the biopsy from cervix uteri of a 45-year-old woman revealed signs of cellular atypia with intact basal membrane. What is the most likely diagnosis?

@Carcinoma in situ

Erosion

Adenocarcinoma

Papilloma

Endometriosis

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A 57-year-old postmenopausal woman is found to have a chronic nonhealing lesion at her portio vaginalis uteri.A biopsy was taken form this area. A histological examination of the biopsy material revealed a cellular atypism within epithelial layer, but basic membrane was unchanged. What is the most likely diagnosis?

@Carcinoma in situ.

Erosion.

Adenocarcinoma.

Papilloma.

Endometriosis.

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A 41-year-old woman has noted a foul-smelling vaginal discharge for 3 weeks. On physical examination there is an exophytic 3 cm mass involving the ectocervix. Pap smear testing is performed; she has never had a previous Pap smear. Cytologic changes are present on this Pap smear that are consistent with squamous cell carcinoma. She is found to have a positive serologic test for syphilis. Her serum glucose is 157 mg/dL She has been a commercial sex worker in the past. Which of the following is the most likely risk factor for her cervical carcinoma?

@Human papillomavirus infection

Diabetes mellitus, type II

Heavy cigarette smoking

Pelvic inflammatory disease

Previous cancer chemotherapy

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At the histological examination of a bioptic material from a vaginalis part of the cervix of the uterus, that was taken from a 47-year old woman, the attributes of the cell atypism, the basal membrane – without changes were detected. This part of the uterus didn’t heal up for a long time. Make a diagnosis.

Erosion

@Carcinoma in situ

Adenocarcinoma

Papilloma

Endometriosis

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A 62-year-old man has complained of pain on urination for the past week. He is afebrile. On cystoscopy, a slightly erythematous 1 cm diameter area is seen on the bladder mucosa. This area is biopsied and on microscopic examination shows cells with marked hyperchromatism and increased nuclear/cytoplasmic ratio involving the full thickness of the epithelium. However, these changes are confined to the epithelium above the basement membrane. Which of the following terms best describes these biopsy findings?

@Carcinoma in situ

Metaplasia

Minimal dysplasia

Microinvasion

Hyperplasia

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A 67-year-old man present with a slowly growing lesion that involves the lower portion of his left lower eyelid. You examine the lesion and find it to be a pearly papule with raised margins and a central ulcer (rodent ulcer). Which on the following histologic features would most likely be seen when examining histologic section from this lesion?

Reactive epidermal cells surrounding a central superficial ulcer

@Infiltrating groups of basaloid cells with peritumoral clefting

Infiltrating groups of eosinophilic cells with keratin formation

Dermal aggregated of small cells histologically similar to oat cell carcinoma

An in situ lesion with full-thickness epidermal atypia

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A 48-year-old man has presented to his physician a plaque-like formation on a neck. Histological investigation of a skin biopsy revealed tumorous cells located as nests, having round and oval form with narrow rim of basophilic cytoplasm. They reminded cells of a skin basal layer. Specify the tumor name.

@ Basal cell epithelioma

Epidermal cancer

Hidroadenoma

Trichoepithelioma

Syringadenoma

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A 45 year old man consulted a doctor about a plaque-like formation on his neck. Histological examination of a skin bioptate revealed clusters of round and oval tumour cells with a narrow border of basophilic cytoplasm resembling of cells of basal epidermal layer. What tumour is it?

Epidermal cancer

Syringoadenoma

Trichoepithelioma

@Basal cell carcinoma

Hydroadenoma

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The patient on a face skin had a tumorous formation plaque-like form with an ulcer. What is the most likely diagnosis?

@ Basal cell epithelioma

Carcinoid

Thecoma

Pinealoma

Thymoma

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A 56-year-old woman feels a lump in her right breast. Her physician palpates an irregular 3-cm mass that is not movable because it appears fixed to the overlying skin, which is retracted. A mastectomy is performed and the pathologist on sectioning the breast finds a 3 x 3.5-cm ovoid mass that does not have discrete borders, but appears to infiltrate into the surrounding fibrofatty breast stroma. The mass is firm, white, and has a fibrous consistency. Which of the following features is demonstrated by the gross appearance of this mass:

Anaplasia

Aplasia

@Desmoplasia

Dysplasia

Metaplasia

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Gradually, a patch with necrosis and ulcer in the middle has developed on the patient’s skin of the face. At the pathohistological examination of a biopsy material an overgrowth of atypical epithelial cells with great amount of pathological mitoses was detected. What is the most possible diagnosis?

@Skin carcinoma

Sarcoma

Papilloma

Trophic ulcer

Fibroma

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A patient presented to her physician with gradually developed plaque on a skin of a cheek. The formation had necrosis and an ulcer in the center. A histological investigation of a skin biopsy revealed a growth of atypical epithelial cells with a lot of pathological mitoses. What is the most likely diagnosis?

@Carcinoma of skin

Sarcoma

Papilloma

Trophic ulcer

Fibroma

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A 15-year-old boy has had lumps in the right neck for the past 5 months. On physical examination there is painless lymphadenopathy in the right cervical region. One of the lymph nodes is biopsied and on microscopic examination shows many lymphocytes that are large, with clumped chromatin and occasional mitoses. Define the changes of this population of lymphocytes:?

@A neoplasm

Reactive hyperplasia

Lymphadenitis

Activating of immune response

Inflammation

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A 29-year-old woman with a history of multiple sexual partners over the last 15 years has a routine physical examination with no abnormal findings. On pelvic examination, the cervix shows no abnormalities, but a Pap smear is taken and dysplastic cells are reported to be present. A cervical biopsy is performed and shows microscopic features of a minimal dysplasia involving the cervical squamous epithelium. Which of the following processes could be the nextone:

Metaplasia

Benigne tumor

@Malignant tumor

Inflammation

Necrosis

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A 62-year-old man has complained of pain on urination for the past week. He is afebrile. On cystoscopy, a slightly erythematous 1 cm diameter area is seen on the bladder mucosa. This area is biopsied and on microscopic examination shows cells with marked hyperchromatism and increased nuclear/cytoplasmic ratio involving the full thickness of the epithelium. However, these changes are confined to the epithelium above the basement membrane. Which of the following terms best describes these biopsy findings?

Metaplasia

Minimal dysplasia

Microinvasion

Hyperplasia

@Carcinoma in situ

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A 17-year-old man presents with a lesion on his face that measures approximately 1.5 cm in its greatest dimension. He has a history of numerous similar skin lesions that have occurred mainly in sun-exposed areas. The present lesion is biopsied and reveals an invasive squamous cell carcinoma. This patient most probably has one type of a group of inherited diseases associated with unstable DNA and increased incidence of carcinoma. Which of the following is the most likely diagnosis?

@Xeroderma pigmentosa

Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome

Familial poliposis

Sturge-Weber syndrome

Multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1 (MEN1)

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A 44-year-old woman who has had multiple sexual partners for the past 30 years has an abnormal Pap smear with cytologic changes suggesting human papillomavirus infection. Without treatment, she is most likely to develop which of the following lesions?

@Squamous cell carcinoma

Non-Hodgkin's lymphoma

Kaposi's sarcoma

Adenocarcinoma

Leiomyoma

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Which of the following bronchogenic carcinomas is most frequently associated with production of parathormone-like substances?

Acinar adenocarcinoma

Papillary adenocarcinoma

Bronchioloalveolar carcinoma

@Squamous cell carcinoma

Oat cell carcinoma

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A 51-year-old man who is a long-term smoker and who has chewed tobacco for more than 20 year presents with a slowly enlarging mass on the floor of his mouth. Physical examination finds the mass, which measure 1.3 cm in greatest dimension, to be white in color and irregular in appearance. Biopsies from this lesion are most likely to reveal which one of the following malignancies?

Acinic cell carcinoma

Adenocarcinoma

Basal cell carcinoma

Small-cell carcinoma

@Squamous cell carcinoma

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A senior woman who had metrorrhagia in menopause was made a smear from the uterine cervix mucosa. There was diagnosed the accretion of the atypical epithelium with the formation of cancer pearls. What is your diagnosis?

Mucous cancer

Adenocarcinoma

Squamous cell cancer without hornification

@Squamous cell cancer with hornification

Undifferentiate cancer

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A 65-year-old woman presented to the hospital with the menopausal bleeding. At histological investigation revealed in the curettage material from the mucosa of her cervix uteri revealed a new growth of atypical epithelium with formation so-called «cancer pearls". What is the most likely diagnosis?

@ Squamous cell keratinous carcinoma

Adenocarcinoma

Squamous cell nonkeratinous carcinoma

Mucous cancer

Nondifferentiated carcinoma

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Histological investigation of a bronchial biopsy revealed a tumour which is constructed from nests of stratified epithelium's atypical cells with some characteristic "pearls". What is the most likely diagnosis?

@ Squamous cell keratinous carcinoma

Squamous cell nonkeratinous carcinoma

Solid carcinoma

Mucous carcinoma

Scirrhous carcinoma

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A mucus membrane biopsy is taken from a bronchus of a 52-year-old patient. A histological investigation revealed cords of atypical epithelial cells, which grew into the tissues underneath. In the cord's center a concentric pink color formations were determined ("cancer pearls", "epithelial [epidermic] pearl, pearly body"). Name a kind of a tumor?

@Squamous cell keratinous carcinoma

Differentiated adenocarcinoma

Squamous cell nonkeratinous carcinoma

Melanoma

Transitional cell carcinoma

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During a histological research of bronchi wall and adjacent lung areas there were found stains and lines of atypical epithelia. Epithelia cells have moderate signs of atypism: nuclear polymorphism, nuclear hyperchromia, mitoses. In the centre of these complexes there are concentric neoplasms of pink colour. Name the diagnosis.

@Flat-cell cancer with cornification

Flat-cell cancer without cornification

Adenocarcinoma

Fibrous cancer

Undifferentiated cancer

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During a microscopical research of a bioptate of bronchi there was a tumour revealed. The tumour consists of nest-like associations of atypical cells of multilayer epithelia, sometimes "pearls" can be found. Name the diagnosis.

@Flat-cell cancer with cornification

Flat-cell cancer without cornification

Solid cancer

Mucous cancer

Skirr

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A 52-year-old female patient with a history of the chronic bronchitis and pneumosclerosis presented to the hospital for biopsy diagnostics. A microscopical investigation of a left bronchial's mucous from the suspicious site revealed cellular and tissue atypia. There were also found some structures in the form of cancer pearls". What is the most likely pathology presented in that case?

@ Squamous cell keratinous carcinoma of bronchus

Chronic polypous bronchitis

Bronchiectasis

Sharp bronchitis

Squamous cell metaplasia of mucous of bronchus

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A 48- year-old man with a history of a chronic bronchitis has died of a cachexy. A post-mortem revealed in a lumen of the right bronchus an endophytic growth of a light- grey softish tissue. Microscopic investigation showed a development of an atypical stratified epithelium with a presence of an « epithelial [epidermic] pearl, pearly body ». What is the most likely diagnose.

@Squamous cell keratinous carcinoma

Squamous cell nonkeratinous carcinoma

Adenocarcinoma

Nondifferentiated carcinoma

Apudoma

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A 60-year-old postmenopausal woman has been feel unhealthy and weak for about 3 month. A gross investigation of her cervix uteri revealed a lesion and a biopsy from this area was obtained. Microscopically, a lesion composed of atypical squamous cell, many of them displayed pathological mitoses. Keratin pearl formation was also observed histologically. What is the most likely diagnose?

@Squamous cells carcinoma with keratinisation

Transitional cell carcinoma

Squamous cells without keratinisation

Adenocarcinoma

Anaplastic carcinoma

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Histological investigation of a biopsy from a tumor of the right bronchus' mucous membrane revealed a cellular and tissue atypia, appearance of structures in the form of' cancer pearls'. Define the pathological process.

@ Malignant tumor

Benign tumor

Hyperplasia

Metaplasia

Hypoplasia

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A man has been performed a removal of lip tumour. The tumour is a node of soft consistency, invades adjacent tissues, has a rough surface with few ulcers. Histologically the tumour is made of lines of atypical cells of multilayer epithelia, that invade into adjacent tissue, destroying it, and make nest-like complexes. Name the type of tumour.

@Flat-cell cancer with cornification

Flat-cell cancer without cornification

Solid cancer

Carcinoma in situ

Adenocarcinoma

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Microscopical examination of a surgical specimen (an ulcered part of a lip) revealed in the connective tissue of mucous membrane near the borders and under the floor of the ulcer some epithelial complexes consisting of atypic multistratal epithelium with accumulations of bright pink concentric formations. What pathology is it?

Transitional cell carcinoma

Papilloma

@Squamous cell keratinous carcinoma

Squamous cell nonkeratinous carcinoma

Basal cell carcinoma

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A 70 year-old male is found to have a nodule at his right bronchus mucous membrane. A microscopic examination of the biopsy material from the tumor revealed the cell and tissue atypism, keratin pearls formation. What is the most likely pathologic process at biopsy material?

@ Malignant tumor.

Benign tumor.

Hyperplasia.

Metaplasia.

Hypoplasia.

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A 64-year-old man presents with symptoms of anemia. On work-up, you discover that the patient has been losing blood from the GI tract secondary to a tumor mass is his colon. The pathology report from a biopsy specimen indicates that this mass is an invasive adenocarcinoma. Which of the following histologic appearances is most likely to be seen in a biopsy specimen taken from this tumor mass?

A uniform proliferation of fibrous tissue

A disorganized mass of proliferating fibroblasts and blood vessels

A disorganized mass of cells forming keratin

A uniform proliferation of glandular structures

@A disorganized mass of cells forming glandular structures

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A change in bowel habits prompts a 53-year-old woman to see her physician. On physical examination there are no lesions noted on digital rectal examination, but her stool is positive for occult blood. A colonoscopy is performed and reveals a 6 cm friable mass located in the cecum. A biopsy of this mass is performed and microscopic examination shows a moderately differentiated adenocarcinoma. Which of the following tissues is most likely to be origin in this tumor?

Connective

Vessel

Muscule

@Epithelial

Nervous

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A 66-year old male lost his appetite and has been loosing his weight for about 5 months. X-ray study revealed a stomach neoplasm. Histological examination of a tumor's biopsy showed a great amount of signet-ring cells. Name the histological variant of cancer.

@Adenocarcinoma.

Solid carcinoma.

Sarcoma.

Mucinous carcinoma.

Carcinoid.

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A gastroscopic study of a 50-year-old patient revealed a crater-like lesion on small curvature in pre-pyloric zone of stomach. From a regional site of formation a biopsy is taken, биопсия. A histological investigation showed a tumor with glands-like structures of the various form and the sizes, growing into surrounding tissue. The cells had marked signs pf atypia. Name a histological variant of the presented tumor.

@Adenocarcinoma

Squamous cell carcinoma

Scirrhous carcinoma of stomach

Mucous carcinoma of stomach

Solid carcinoma of stomach

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On the microscopy of the infiltrate from the colon a tumor consisting of prismatic epithelium was discovered. The tissue formed atypical glandular structures of various forms and seize. The cells are polymorphic, nuclei are hyperchromic, and pathological mitoses take place. Glandules’ basal membrane is destroyed. Some glands are covered by pseudostratified epithelium; the distance is not changed. Your diagnosis:

@Adenocarcinoma

Basal-celled carcinoma

Solid carcinoma

Mucous carcinoma

Undifferentiated carcinoma

A 35 year-old female with a family history of colon cancer inquires about screening. Colonoscopy revealed a tumor and a tissue sample was taken for histology. Microscopic investigation has shown cells were arranged in glandular-like pattern. They exhibit cell pleomorphism, atypia, invasive growth and pathologic mitosis's. What is the most likely diagnose?

@ Adenocarcinoma

Basal-cell carcinoma

Solid carcinoma

Mucous carcinoma

Undifferentiated carcinoma

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A 45-year-old woman has noted a lump on her left shoulder that has enlarged over the past 4 months. On physical examination there is an enlarged, non-tender supraclavicular lymph node. A biopsy of the node is done and on microscopic examination there is a metastatic neoplasm. Which of the following is the most likely

@Adenocarcinoma of the colon

Cerebral glioma

Fibroadenoma of the breast

Liposarcoma of the retroperitoneum

Laryngeal papilloma

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A histological investigation of a lung biopsy revealed atypical cells which form plural acinar structures and produce mucus. What histological form of a cancer of lungs takes place at the patient?

@High differentiated adenocarcinoma

Low differentiated adenocarcinoma

Nondifferentiated carcinoma

Differentiated

Glandular squamous cell carcinoma

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Histological investigation of a node in the removed mammary gland revealed complexes of atypical polymorphic epithelial cells, which had various sizes and forms. There were clear spaces at the centers of complexes. The cells had large nuclei, with presence of atypical mitoses. Diagnose the pathology.

@Adenocarcinoma

Squamous cell nonkeratinous carcinoma

Solid carcinoma

Fibroadenoma of breast

Nondifferentiated polymorphocellular carcinoma

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Histological investigation of the removed breast node revealed different sizes and the form complexes of atypical polymorphic epithelial cells among abundant stroma. The complexes had a clear space center. Cells were characterized by large nuclei, the increased number of nucleoli, nucleoli organizers and presence of atypical mitoses. What is the most likely diagnosis?

@Adenocarcinoma

Fibroadenoma of breast

Solid carcinoma

Squamous cell nonkeratinous carcinoma

Nondifferentiated polymorphic cells carcinoma

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A microscopical investigation of a 50-year-old woman's endometrial curettage material with the clinical diagnosis « ovarian - menstrual cycle's disorder » revealed growth of glandular structures. These glands consisted of polymorphic cells with hyperchromic nuclei and mitoses figures. For what pathology the revealed histological changes are characteristic?

@Adenocarcinoma of uterus

Placental polyps

Acute endometritis

Glandular hyperplasia of endometrium

Chorioepithelioma of uterus

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A 48-year-old woman complains to her doctor of uterine bleeding. Endometrial biopsy investigation revealed a presence of gland-forming cells with enlarged hyperchromic nuclei, cell atypia, and abnormal mitoses. These cells were also determined at myometrium. What term most correctly identifies this pathological process?

@ Adenocarcinoma of uterus.

Adenomatous endometrial hyperplasia.

Acute endometritis.

Placental polyp.

Chorionepitelioma of uterus.

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A 57-year-old patient gained periodical metrorrhagias. There was performed a diagnostical scrape of mucous membrane of uterus. Microscopically: among blood elements there are glandular complexes of different shape and size. These complexes consist of atypical cells with nuclear hyperchromia and numerous mitoses (including pathological ones). Name the diagnosis.

@Adenocarcinoma

Fibromyoma of uterus

Chorionepithelioma

Hyperplasia of endometrium glands

Endometritis

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A 57 year old patient has periodic uterine bleedings. Diagnostic endometrectomy was performed. Biopsy material contains among the blood elements some glandular complexes of different sizes and forms that consist of atypic cells with hyperchromic nuclei and multiple mitoses (including pathological ones). What is the most probable diagnosis?

Fibromyoma of uterus

@Adenocarcinoma

Chorioepithelioma

Glandular hyperplasia of endometrium

Endometritis

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Date: 2016-03-03; view: 1787