Exercise 1. Read the following sentences, notice carefully the active words in bold, and translate the sentences into Russian.

Rules and regulations/supplement

1. I get so annoyed by all these petty rules and regulations.

2. For various reasons, some of Parliament’s legislative functions are delegated to government ministers and their departments, which within a limited field are to enact rules and regulations, which supplement Acts of Parliament.

3. She supplements her regular income by doing a bit of teaching in the evenings.

Delegated legislation

1. As delegated legislation in many instances is made by non-elected bodies and, since there are so many people with the power to make delegated legislation it is important that there should be some control over this.

2. Parliament has the initial control with an enabling Act which sets the parameters within which the delegated legislationis to be made.

3. During the twentieth century, statute law and judicial decisions continued to be the major source of law but, in addition, two new sources of law became increasingly important: these were delegated legislation and European law.

Qualify

1. Her teaching experience qualifies her admirably for the job.

2. Will our team qualify for the second round of the competition?

3. Its procedure and practices differ in detail from those of the Commons, and its powers over legislation are qualified: the Lords may not amend‘money bills, and they can only delay other bills passed by the Commons for an effective period of thirteen months.

Qualification

1.Previous experience is not an essential qualification for this job.

2. She has all the right qualifications to be a good manager.

3. This conventional view is now subject to a major qualification.

Evolve

1. The British political system has evolved over several centuries.

2. They evolved a new system for running the factory.

3. The courts have, in fact, evolved rules of interpretation which they will use to discover the ‘true’ meaning of the words of a statute.

Constituency

1. Our MP doesn’t even live in this constituency.

2. He represents the Essex constituencyof Epping Forest.

3. The country is divided into constituencies and each of these returning one Member of Parliament (MP).

Elect

1. She has been elected to the committee.

2. They elected a President.

3. The members of the House of Commons are electedby the British public in a General Election.

The general election

1. In the United States in the general election, the voter votes for the presidential and vice-presidential candidates of his choice by name, but in reality he is voting forthe electors of his candidate’s party.

2. They registered to vote in the general election.

3. A General Election is held at least once every five years, though such an election can be called sooner by the Prime Minister.

Preside over (at)

1. Who is presiding at the meeting?

2.As prime minister, she presided over the biggest ever rise in unemployment.

3. The Speaker is elected by MPs to preside over the Commons.

Adjourn/adjournment

1. While Congress is in session, neither house may adjourn for more than three days without the consent of the other, and both houses must meet at the same place.

2. Last half-hour of sitting. Adjournment debate on a subject chosen by a backbencher.

3. On Fridays the House meets at 9.30 am, does not usually take questions to ministers, and is likely to adjournat 3 pm or shortly after.

Amend

1. The Constitution of the United States has been amended 27 times.

2. Your plan needs to be amended.

3. The law was amendedto include women.

Convict of

1. They were convicted of murder.

2. In the United States to convict a person of treason, there must be two witnesses who actually saw the person commit the traitorous act, or the accused person must confess to it in a public court.

3. On very rare occasions, people who have been convicted of criminal offences can appeal to the House of Lords, and their case is heard by five of the law lords.

Allowances/Expenses

1.Congressmen in the United States receive free office space, free postage (the frank), free printing for speeches, allowances(set amounts of money for such things as office help, stationery, long-distance telephoning, telegrams, and travel to and from sessions of Congress).

2. The scholarship includes an allowance of 100 pounds for books.

3. From this total membership of about 480 there is an average daily attendance of some 350. Peers are unpaid, but receive expenses and allowances.

Deliberation

1. After much deliberation we found, that nothing could be done.

2. Our deliberations failed to produce a decision.

3. Their door is first slammed in his face, to symbolise the Commons’ claim to exclude the Sovereign from their deliberations.

Evidence

1. When the police arrived, he had already destroyed the evidence of his guilt (=papers, photos etc, proving he was guilty).

2. Is there any evidence for believing the world is round?

3. Departmental committees have the power to report to the House of Commons detailing its opinion and observations upon any matter referred to them for their consideration, together with the minutes of the evidence taken before them, and also to make a special report of any matters which they may think fit to bring to the notice of the House.

Date: 2016-01-14; view: 1074