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Diametrically Opposing ValuesThere are numerous "value" issues that cause political conflict in the United States as well as around the world. From abortion rights to gay marriage (two divisive issues in the United States) to the rights of women in some other countries to choose whom to marry or to legally seek a college degree, social issues are often at the forefront of a political struggle. Thus, one of the greatest causes for political conflict is when two groups, or political parties, have diametrically opposing values. Defining a Nation Often times people that are citizens of the same nation have very different ideas about what their nation's principles or "mission statement" is, or should be. In the United States, for example, the role of religion in government is a highly debated issue. Some believe that religion should inform the actions of states as well as the federal government with the laws of the nation being shaped to fit religious doctrine. Others oppose this view believing in "the separation of church and state" doctrine, promoting a secular government that allows for the free practice of different religious faiths. Illegitimate Government Throughout the history of the world, governments have been overthrown due to the feeling of the population that those in power were illegitimate. In some cases, the majority may believe that a ruler has enacted brutal policies against his own people. This belief is often the catalyst for citizens of that nation to rebel in order to alleviate the suffering of their people and replace a corrupt government with what they hope will be a government that is fair and just. Causes Territorial conflict comes from two notions; the notion that a person or people has claim to a space or resource, and the notion that the space is being invaded. If the space is needed or wanted by the party, they will be feel threatened by competing claims, and respond accordingly. Identity and Principles Territorial disputes are often motivated not just by the need for a space, but also by the desire to uphold principles. For example, religious groups fighting over a stretch of land may each consider the contested space holy. They believe that their god or gods bestowed the place upon them, and to relinquish it to an outside group would be a betrayal their of faith. Solutions Conflicts are best resolved via rational discussion, preferably mediated by a third party. Creating a space for civil negotiation can be difficult, but when forced to confront their problems with reason, most people will be able to reach a compromise. Answer the questions to the text: 1. What is the main cause of territorial conflict? 2. How do you understand the role of international adjudicative and arbitral bodies in finding the solutions to conflicts? 3. Find out the ways to solve territorial conflicts that are not mentioned in the text. 4. How do political conflicts begin? 5. Name the main issues that cause conflicts in the USA and all over the world. 6. Do you think that political and territorial conflicts have a lot in common? Week10 (2 hours) Theme: The Different Types of Wars Aims and Objectives:to develop furtherstudents skills in reading, speaking, analyzing international documents and newspaper articles, to improve their listening skills and to practise grammar. Date: 2016-01-14; view: 780
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