CATEGORIES:
BiologyChemistryConstructionCultureEcologyEconomyElectronicsFinanceGeographyHistoryInformaticsLawMathematicsMechanicsMedicineOtherPedagogyPhilosophyPhysicsPolicyPsychologySociologySportTourism
Employer-employee relations.Staff appraisal interviews are no fun. Many managers simply do not bother, because they are worried about how staff may react to criticism of their work. Yet telling staff how they are doing can motivate and it can produce extra efficiency and performance. Feedback is especially important for new recruits to help them find their footing. Criticizing an employee often produces anger. Comments such as "are you saying that I am not doing my job properly", or "do not treat me like a child", or even profanity are frequent defensive reactions. That’s why it is recommended to start with an agreement about the way you intend to work together, and to exchange information. This type of agreement not only works for individuals, but for teams, or groups as well. When talking to staff ask — do not tell; describe — do not judge; stick to behavior — not personality. The advice is even more important for a small business with few employees as one member of staff with the sulks can upset all the others and therefore lower productivity. Sometimes you can see a manager catching the late arrival of an employee. He greets him with a stem look, crossed arms in a condescending manner and gives him a lecture about how many times he has been late recently, and puts a snide question asking what he is going to do about it. The correct approach would be to ask if there is a problem causing him to be always late. This should also be done in private not across the office or factory floor, thus giving the employee the privacy of discussing matters. Ask your staff how they think they are doing and get them to find an area where they think they are weak or could do better. We want to attract your attention to the main two problems: (1) managers' confidence to talk to staff and (2) handling adverse reactions. It will help remove the air of doom about talking to the boss. 17. Public and private limited companies: differences, advantages and disadvantages There are lot of differences. The major factor is number of shareholders and shareholding pattern. In Pvt. Ltd. company the share holders comprises of close group of friends and relatives. A Pvt. Ltd. company can not make an offer for public to subscribe it’s shares. Where as a Ltd. company can given an advertisement and invite general public to subscribe for it’s shares. The differences between public limited company and private limited company are discussed below: • Number of Members: For a public limited company minimum seven (7) and maximum number is limited by number of shares. And In private limited company minimum number of members is two (2) and maximum number of member is fifty (50). • Subscription of Shares and Debentures:Public limited company can subscribe to public to sell its shares and debentures. It can collect huge amount of capital from the public by selling shares. And Private limited company by its Articles of Association cannot subscribe shares and debentures to the public. • Commencement of Business:Public limited company cannot start its operation after registration. It requires Certificate of Commencement to start its operation. And Private limited company can start its operation after getting Certificate of Incorporation (registration) from the registrar of Company. • Transferability of Shares:Public limited company can transfer its shares easily. Shares are transferable. And Private limited company cannot transfer its shares. Registrations are imposed on transfer of shares. • Minimum Subscription:Public limited company cannot sell shares in the share market until minimumsubscription is collected. And Private limited company has no provision to collect minimumsubscription. • Company Name:Public limited company must add the word Limited as the last word after its name. And Private limited company must add the words Private limited (Pvt. Ltd.) As the last words after the name of the company. • Number of Directors:In public limited company there must be at least three directors in the board of directors. And In private limited company there are two directors in the board of directors. • Statutory Meeting:Public limited company must convene statutory meeting. It is compulsory to hold statutory meeting and statutory report must be submitted. And Private limited company does not have to convene statutory meeting. As a result, there is no need to submit statutory report. • Qualified Shares:In public limited company the directors must purchase the number of qualified shares to become directors. And To become directors of private limited company it not mandatory to purchase minimum qualified shares. • Retirement of Directors:At least 2/3 of the directors of public limited company must retire by rotation. On the other hand, the directors of a private limited company not retire. • Scope of Business:The scope of public limited company and company ownership is wide and expanding. And the scope of private limited company is limited in known people and places nearby. • Financial Strength:Since public limited company can subscribe huge amount of capital from the public, it is financially strong and can take large projects. And Private limited company cannot subscribe capital by selling shares. So, its financial position compared to public limited company is less. Date: 2016-01-05; view: 909
|