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COMPREHENSION CHECK
Choose the right variant for the multiple-choice statements.
1. Bryophytes differ from thallophytes (true algae) in that
a. bryophytes are rarely filamentous, except during one stage in the life history of mosses
b. bryophytes are composed of cells that form tissues
c. bryophytes are usually terrestrial, remaining somewhat dependent on their ancestral aquatic environment
d. all of the above e. none of the above.
2. Bryophytes
a. need water for their flagellated sperm cells to swim from the antheridia to the egg cells in the archegonia
b. lack the ability to move fluids internally across long distances
c. lack the support of xylem
d. all of the above e. none of the above.
3. All bryophytes have a(n)
a. alternation of generations b. sporophyte generation
c. gametophyte generation d. all of the above.
b. none of the above.
4. A significant innovation unique to the vascular plants is the seed, which
a. consists of an embryo b. has some stored food
c. is enclosed within a protective coat d.all of the above
e. none of the above.
5. Lycophytes have club-shaped structures at the ends of their stems known as strobili, which form clusters of sporophylls. It is from these structures that the group’s common name, ______________, has been derived.
a. strobili mosses b. club-shaped mosses c. club mosses
d. sporophyll mosses e. cluster mosses.
6. Club mosses have
a. true leaves b. true stems c. true roots
d. all of the above e. none of the above.
2. Give detailed answers to the questions below:
a. What plants do bryophytes include?
b. What are they composed of?
c. Why do bryophytes need water?
d. All the bryophytes have an alternation of generation, don’t they? What do you know about it?
e. How are the parts of bryophytes referred to as?
f. What do you know about the processes called homospory, heterospory?
g. What feature is unique to the vascular plants?
h. What groups do tracheophytes consist of?
i. Do psilophytes have true stems, no true roots, no true leaves?
j. When did psilophytes thrive?
k. What period did Lycophytes appear?
l. What parts are Lycophytes composed of?
m. What role do strobili play?
Think of 5-7 statements that would contradict the contents of the text.
LANGUAGE FOCUS
1. Match the words that are: a) similar and b) opposite in meaning:
| a) | b) | ||
| critical | to originate | retention | to limit |
| to uptake | capacity | aquatic | alternation |
| to provide | apparent | to arise | to disappear |
| trend | to anchor | aerial stems | increase |
| to point out | crucial | surviving | to release |
| to create | to obtain | to absorb | loss |
| ability | to supply | to extend | terrestrial |
| evident | tendency | constancy | subterranean stems |
| to attach | to emphasize | reduction | extinct |
2. Define the following terms:
| filament | terrestrial | xylem | sporangia | homospory | heterospory |
| rhizomes | megaspore | rhizoids | strobili | microspore |
3. Match the first half of a sentence in column A with the appropriate second half in column B:
| A | B |
| 1. In between the cells are | a) the haploid gametophyte stage is clearly dominant. |
| 2. The energy reserves of bryophytes are | b) to the gametophyte and grows directly from it. |
| 3. The tendency toward a reduction of the gametophyte and an emphasis on the sporophyte is | c) gametophytes with antheridia and archegonia. |
| 4. The sporophyte plant is attached | d) stored in the form of starch. |
| 5. After germination these spores developed into | e) occasionally sending branches above the surface. |
| 6. Club mosses may have evolved from algae that penetrated the ground, | f) intercellular spaces incorporated within the cellular network. |
4. Put the parts of the sentences in the right order:
a. represent, species of mosses, 25,000, about, the Bryophytes.
b. Produces, the sporangia, the sporophyte, contain, organs, that, the asexual spores, release, and.
c. Date back, the earliest known, 350 million years, fossilized seeds.
d. Of the vascular plants, the psilophytes, are, the most primitive.
e. Evolved, many botanists, some psilopods, believe, the ferns into.
f. True leaves, club mosses, stems, and roots, have.
Date: 2016-01-03; view: 742
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