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Grammar
- Are grammar and usage correct?
- Are there any shifts in tenses/person/number?
- Are there any grammar mistakes that interfere with the meaning?
*Incorrect grammar, spelling and word usage count against you if these errors lead to lack of clarity.
Organization & strategy
- Is there an effective introduction? (i.e. Does the opening paragraph restate the general topic question? Does it have a controlling idea?)
- Does each paragraph focus on one main point? (i.e. Does it have a clear topic sentence? Do the topic sentences support the controlling idea?)
- Is there logical coherence between different parts of the essay?
- Are the paragraphs logically arranges?
- Is there an effective concluding paragraph? (i.e. Does the concluding paragraph give a) an opinion, preference, prediction or solution b) reasons?)
- Does the essay answer all parts of the question?
Useful Phrases for Writing an Essay
To list points: one major advantage/disadvantage of, a further advantage, one point of view in favor of/ against, in the first place, first of all, to start with, secondly, thirdly, finally, last but not least, etc.
First, first of all, in the first place, to begin/start with, secondly, thirdly, finally
To add more points to the same topic: What is more, furthermore, also, in addition to, besides, apart from this/that, not to mention the fact that, etc.
There is another side to the issue/question/argument or…
To introduce examples: for example. For instance, such as, like, n particular, particularly, especially,
This is (clearly) illustrated/shown by the fact that…
One /A clear/Striking/ typical example of (this)…
The fact that… shows/ illustrates that…
To emphasize a point:
clearly, obviously, it is obvious, naturally, of course, needless to say, indeed
To express reality:
In fact, the fact (of the matter) is, actually, on the whole, by and large, in most cases
To make partially correct statements:
To a certain extent/degree, to some extent degree, in a way/sense, this is partly true (but), to a limited extent, there is some truth in (this), in some cases, up to a point.
To explain/clarify a point:
In other words, that is to say, this/which means that
To list advantages:
One another/a further/an additional (major) advantage of… is…
The main/greatest/first advantage of… is…
To list disadvantages:
One another/a further/an additional (major) disadvantage/drawback of… is…
The main/greatest/most serious/first disadvantage/drawback of… is…
Another negative aspect of… is…
To introduce points/arguments for or against:
One (very convincing) point/argument in favor of…/against…
A further common criticism of…/ it could be argued that…
often claimed/suggested
It is widely argued/maintained that…
generally felt/believed/held
| some/many/ most people/experts/ scientists/skeptics/ critics | claim/suggest/argue/feel that… maintain/believe/point out/agree/hold that… |
| advocate (+ing/noun)/support the view that… oppose the view that… | |
| are | in favour of/against… of the opinion that/convinced that… opposed to… |
To make contrasting points: on the other hand, however, in spite of, while, nevertheless, despite, even though, although, it can be argued that, one can argue that, etc.
| however, still, yet, but, nonetheless, nevertheless, even so | it may be said/argued/claimed that,… |
| others/many people | oppose this viewpoint (strongly)disagree…, claim/feel/believe this argument is incorrect/misguided |
Although, though, even though, while, whilst, whereas, despite/inspired of (the fact that), regardless of the fact that
Opponents of… argue/believe/claim that…
The fact that… contradicts the belief/idea that…
While it is true to say that…, in fact…
While/although…, it cannot be denied that…
Useful Expressions: Problems & Solutions
| Steps Measures | should must could | be taken | so as to in order to | solve/overcome/combat… deal with/eradicate |
Serious attempts to halt/prevent/solve…must be made…
| One (possible) Another An alternative | way to | solve/overcome combat/deal with eradicate | this problem the problem (of)… | would be/is… |
| People Governments We | should focus their/our attention on ways | to solve/overcome the problem of… to improve the situation of… to reduce the impact of… |
| If steps/measures were taken to… If… happened/were to happen If attempts were made to address the problem | the effect/result/consequence would be… |
By (+ing)…, we/governments/etc., can ensure that/prevent …
The…/situation could be improved if…/It would be a good idea if…
| The | effect/consequence outcome/result | of(+noun/-ing) | would might | be… |
Useful expressions and linking words/phrases
Conclusion expressing balanced considerations/opinion indirectly
| In conclusion On balance All things considered Taking everything into account /consideration To conclude To sum up All in all Finally/lastly | it can/must be said/claimed that… it seems/appears that… it would seem that… it is likely/unlikely/possible/foreseeable that… it is clear/obvious that… there is no little doubt that… the best course of action would be to… achieving a balance between… would be it is true to say that… although it must be said that… it maybe concluded/said that… |
All things considered, the obvious conclusion to be drawn is that…/
There is no absolute answer to the question of…,
In the light of this evidence, it is clear/obvious/etc that…
| In conclusion All in all To sum up | It is | Clear/apparent Plain/onvious Evident | From the | Above Foregoing | Evidence Points arguments |
Conclusion expressing opinion directly
| In conclusion On balance All things considered Taking everything into account/consideration To conclude To sum up All in all | it is my belief/opinion that… I (firmly) believe/feel/think that… I am convinced that… I am inclined to believe that… I (do not) agree that/with… |
Taking everything into account, I therefore conclude/feel/believe (that)…
For the above-mentioned reasons, therefore, I (firmly) believe that…
Useful Expressions for giving opinions:
To my mind/To my way of thinking…
It is my (firm) belief/opinion/view/conviction (that)…
In my opinion/view…
I (firmly) believe…
I am (not) convinced that…
I (do not) agree that/with…
It strikes me that…
My opinion is that…
I (definitely) fee/think that…
I am inclined to believe that…
It seems/appears to me…
As far as I am concerned…
LINK PHRASES FOR THE ESSAY
Introduction:
- It is often maintained…
- It is widely (generally) believed, claimed…
- It is a fact that…
- Many experts claim, believe, suggest…
Main body:
- To start with…
- On the one hand (on the other hand)…
- What is more…
- Another (a further) point (aspect)/ negative aspect of…is…
- It cuts both ways…
- In the first place…
- In most cases…
- This is illustrated by the fact…
- To some extent…
- On the whole/generally…
- There is some truth in this assumption…
- This assumption could be argued…
- It’s a vivid illustration of something…
Date: 2015-01-02; view: 860
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