Applications for transporting information over the Internet

Firstly, I will describe the main goals of use of the Internet technology.

Secondly, I will focus on the particular goal connected with the topic of my presentation.

Thirdly, I will to explain what these applications are and give you some examples.

The Internet gives us a lot of new opportunities in all areas of our lives. A lot of people nowadays blog their lives, make friendship and business partnership with the help of the Web and search for all kinds of information.

Actually, information is the one particular thing about the Internet. We share our photos, music, and video with our virtual friends, and this process includes information transporting over the Internet. We read news which was delivered through RSS, make the business correspondence – this is also the information transporting.

So, most of the activity in the Internet is transporting information from one place to another place.

There are plenty of ways to transmit information via the Internet, i.e. the variety of applications for transporting it. The simplest example is ICQ, which is a special program helping you to exchange brief text messages with your friends or business partners. Then there are mail clients, for example Microsoft Outlook, which is a mail box for messages, sometimes carrying information in the form of attached files. The browser represents a variety of ways to transmit information: browser mail box, chats, and websites for image sharing or online archive storages. Different types of chat programs are countless.

A group of p2p applications deserves special mention. These applications use special technology based on receiving information from several places at once. Actually, Peer-to-peer file sharing is a form of file sharing using peer-to-peer networking. P2P allows users to download files such as music, movies, and games using a file sharing software client that searches necessary information for other connected computers (called ‘peers’). Similarly, other computers on the network are able to search for files on your computer. This differs from traditional file downloading which means searching servers for the requested file.

Skype has also become popular for its additional features which include file transfer and video conferencing. Skype uses a proprietary Internet telephony network called the Skype Protocol. The protocol has not been made publicly available by skype and official applications using the protocol are close source. Skype is a peer-to-peer system rather than a client server system and makes use of background processing on computers running skype software. The original name of the service reflects it. One of the initial names for the project was “Sky peer-to-peer” witch was abbreviated to “Skyper”. However some of the domain names associated with Skyper were already taken. Dropping the final “r” left the current title “Skype” for witch domain names were available. If you want to use this service you have to registrate. Registrated users are identified by a unique “Skype Name”. Skype allows users these registrated users to communicate through both instant messaging and voice chat. Voice chat allows telephone calls between pairs of users and conference calling and use a proprietary audio codec.

To sum up, we should say that there is a number of applications transporting information over the Internet. Some of them are designed for specific types of information (like ICQ or image sharing files), others are more unified (archive storages, mail boxes). However, all these applications are useful for transporting the information over the Internet, which is, in fact, one of the most important goals for a user.

Communications Systems

Nowadays, communications between people are carried out by the use of different communication systems such as mobile phones, email or instant messaging services. Let ‘s talk about some of these systems in detail.

Email is a method of exchanging digital messages from an author to one or more recipients. Modern email operates across the Internet or other computer networks. Some early email systems required that the author and the recipient both be online at the same time. Today's email systems are based on a store-and-forward model in which information is sent to an intermediate station where it is kept and sent at a later time to the final destination or to another intermediate station Email servers accept, forward, deliver and store messages. Neither the users nor their computers are required to be online simultaneously; they need connect only briefly, typically to an email server, for as long as it takes to send or receive messages.

Instant messaging is a collection of technologies used for real-time text-based communication between two or more people over the Internet. An important difference between instant messaging and other technologies such as email is that chat happens in real-time. IM allows to communicate effective allowing immediate receipt of reply. Some systems permit to send offline messages that is message to person not currently online, thus removing some of difference between IM and e-mail. In many cases IM client programs include additional features which can make them more popular. For example, users can see each other by using webcams, or talk directly for free over the internet using microphones and headphones or loudspeakers. Many client programs allow file transfers although they are typically limited in the permissible file size. Also it is typically possible to save text conversations for later reference. Standard complimentary IM applications offer functions such as file transfer, contact list and the ability to hold several simultaneous conversations.

So, now I’d like to talk about mobile phones.

Mobile phones have become a common way of communicating. They are small computing devices in the form of a telephone handset that can connect to local radio networks. So a common protocol used with mobile phones is called WAP.

Wireless Application Protocol (WAP) provides a universal open standard for bringing Internet content to mobile phones and other wireless devices. WAP-based services are global, convenient and offer improved security. The similarity between WAP technology and Internet tools make it simpler to be adapted to the mobile environment.

In a WAP system, messages are divided into small units called packets. The packets are transmitted separately over the radio network system and are put together to form the original message when they arrive at their destination. By sending packets belonging to a number of different users of the same connection, the system can be used by many people at the same time. Wap allows mobile phone users to use Internet online services such as email and browsing web pages on the WWW.

With General Packet Radio Service (GPRS), you can enjoy a wireless connection to access your favorite information and entertainment services. GPRS technology allows mobile phones to be used for sending and receiving data over an Internet Protocol based network.

Date: 2015-12-24; view: 901