Exercise 3. Define relations and syntactic connections within the following word-groups:
a blue pond; to open the door; to write and to read; the voice of the teacher; loud but pleasant; to go quickly; to ask him; ladies and gentlemen; very interesting; these plates; she asked; for him to go; students, teachers.
Exercise 4. Pick up the subordinate word-groups from the following sentences. Characterize them according to the morphological expression of their head element.
1. The light in the room was beginning to have a very odd quality (O’Connor). 2. A full chair choir intoned responses to players with reassuring volume (Hailey). 3. This rather dirty, smug, but oddly compelling photographer had the ability to make her feel about six inches high(Durbridge). 4. Perfoid stood looking at her through the hage of cigarette smoke (Durbridge). 5. He had a large red face, a stiff brush of grey hair and the good eyes, blue and clear, focused sharply on Asbury (O’Connor).
Exercise 5. Supply the following patterns with the examples of nominal phrases. Comment on the positions of nominal adjuncts before and after the N-head:
d–A – N1 - Nhead Ving - Nhead
d – N1 – N2 - Nhead Ved - Nhead
d – Nhead – prep. – d - N
d – N’s - Nhead
Exercise 6. Classify the following verb phrases according to the nature of the adjunct. Take into consideration the valency of the verb:
to have a friend; to come at five o’clock; to treat him well; to call John; to cry aloud; to be tired; to answer my letter; to receive a letter; to speak fluently; to look beautiful; to understand everything; to show a picture to the baby.
Exercise 7. Write out the subordinate word-groups. Give their structural patterns. Define the grades of subordination.
1. And yet the News Chronicle is one of the big-circulation British newspapers. 2. The trees in the Battersea Gardens across the river had a faded look of the summer end (Mansfield). 3. Next morning, comfortably seated on the verandah of the hotel, with his legs up, Dr. Sanders was reading a book (Maugham). 4. He knew every stop, every junction, every swamp along the way (O’ Connor). 5. He was too much of the individual to care about the house (Faulkner). 6. Barbara Barstow was a woman of about fifty, tall, well-built and forceful. Her voice was loud, heartly and masculine (Dubridge).