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The Refectory and the Refectory Church

Was built in 1893-95 in Byzantine style. Refectory means a dining hall in a religious house.

The first stone Refectory in the Monastery was built in 1108-1110, but it was damaged by earthquake. The second one was built in 1680-90s. In 18th century the Refectory went through a considerable renovation.

During the Second World War the buildings were damaged and in post-war times they were restored.

The Ukrainian historical figures Ivan Iskra and Vasily Kochubei are buried by the walls of the Refectory.

The Church of All Saints

To the north of the central square, the group of so-called Economic buildings is located.Along the two-storey Economic Block, the street leads to the Economic Gate, with the Church of All Saints. The church is one of the most complete architectural examples of late 17th century Ukrainian Baroque. The existing wall paintings were done at the beginning of the 20th century.

The architectural ensemble in the Upper Lavra also include: the Kovnir building (18th century), St. Nicholas Church (late 17th century), the buildings housing the cells of the cathedral elders (early 18th century), the Husbandry building (early 18th -19th cc.), the printshop (18th c.), the Dean’s Residence (early 18th c.), the Metropolitan residence (1727), the Church of the Annunciation (1904).

THE LOWER LAVRA

The Church of the Exaltation of the Cross was built in 1700. The surviving paintings of the interior were done in the late 19th century.

The two-tier Bell Tower (1763-68) located on the slope of the hill, unites the architectural ensemble of the Upper Lavra with that of the Farther Caves.

Excavations have shown that the passageways in the Nearer Caves are more than half a kilometer long. Many graffiti in Church Slavonic, Polish and Armenian languages were found on their walls.

The galleries of the Nearer Caves on the walls of which are fragments of 18th century paintings lead to three underground churches: St.Antony’s, St. Barlaam’s ,the Church of the Presentation of the Holy Virgin. The churches back to the 17th -18th centuries.

The Nearer Caves have a special historical value as the burial place of Kiev Rus. A number of religious and political figures are buried here: Antony, the founder of the monastery, Nikon, called the Great, Nestor the Chronicler, Alimpiy and Grigory, the first Old Rus icon painters, the healers Agapit and Damian, and the authors of the most ancient part of the Kiev Pechersk Patericon (Lives of the Church Fathers),- Simon and Polikarp.

A covered gallery connects the Nearer caves with the Farther Caves. The underground passage ways of the Farther Caves are 280 meters long.

The three 12th century cave churches, the Church of the Nativity of the Virgin, the Church of the Annunciation and St. Theodosius’s Church. The churches back to the 17th-18th centuries.

The ensemble is completed by the two-tired Kovnir Bell Tower, 40 meters high. The construction lasted from 1754 to 1761 with the participation of the Lavra masters S.Kovnir and Semion, nicknamed the Italian.



Close to the territory of the Farther Caves one can see the massive ramparts of the Old Pecherska Fortress with the stone Moscow Upper Gate (1765). This is one of the few well-preserved examples of secular architecture of the mid-18th century.

 


Date: 2015-12-24; view: 969


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