GRAMMATICAL CATEGORIES OF THE INFINITIVE | CORRELATION
| ASPECT
| ACTIVE VOICE
| PASSIVE VOICE
| | NON-PERFECT
(SIMPLE)
| INDEFINITE/
COMMON
(expresses an action simultaneous with the one expressed by the finite verb)
| · Mary must do homework every day.
· Dave likes to give advice to everyone.
| · Homework must be done every day.
· Dave likes to be given advice.
| | CONTINUOUS
(expresses an action simultaneous with the one expressed by the finite verb but in progress)
| · Mary must be doing her homework now.
· At the moment they happened to be standing right outside her house.
|
| | PERFECT
| INDEFINITE/
COMMON
(expresses an action prior to the one denoted by the finite verb)
| · Mary must have done her homework.
· Dave is sure to have given one of his famous pieces of advice.
| · Homework must have already been done.
· The letter happened to have been sent.
| | CONTINUOUS
(expresses an action which lasted a certain time before the action of the finite verb)
| · Mary must have been doing her homework for 3 hours already.
· All their honeymoon they seemed to have been living on nothing but love.
|
| Note: The following abbreviations will be used in the tasks below to indicate the form of the infinitive:
- NPIA non-perfect indefinite active
- NPIP non-perfect indefinite passive
- NPCA non-perfect continuous active
- PIA perfect indefinite active
- PIP perfect indefinite passive
- PCA perfect continuous active
TASK 2. Define the form of the infinitive. The first one is done for you.
1. You must be careful with Dinny otherwise you can find yourself in a trap. - NPIA
2. "Come along, Imogen," said Winifred, "we must be getting back."
3. You must have noticed her there; she was the only one wearing a bright red dress.
4. She can have been that naïve! The whole thing must have been going on under her eyes!
5. She's like a beautiful exotic flower that must be sheltered from bitter winds.
6. This meeting, Edwina realized, must have been planned several hours ago.
7. I want to know how long we are expected to wait. Dont make a fuss. We must have been waiting for only a couple of minutes.
8. Derek seemed to be weighing something in his mind.
9. You know how I hate to interfere in other people's business.
10. First I considered myself to be standing high and lean, very fair, with a straight wide mouth.
11. Was the object attached to anything? No wires or anything? I mean, someone couldn't have been having a joke or something?
12. He seemed to have taken his defeat quietly.
13. I rang the bell of the dependable family, and the man answered with remarkable promptness; he seemed to have been waiting for it to ring.
14. Martin had in the meantime made himself as comfortable as circumstances would permit.
TASK 3. Decide if the given forms of the infinitive are right or wrong.
| No
| Sentence
| Form of the infinitive
| right
| wrong
| |
| The terrorist holding the hostages is thought to be heavily armed.
| non-perfect indefinite active
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| The rate of inflation is expected to rise.
| non-perfect indefinite active
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| Mrs Western is thought to have died in a plane crash.
| non-perfect indefinite active
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| These houseboats seem to have been turned into floating restaurants.
| perfect indefinite active
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| They seem to have been modernising this railway station for three years now.
| perfect indefinite passive
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| Mary may be playing tennis at the moment.
| non-perfect continuous active
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| The burglars seemed to have made the owner of the house tell them where the money was.
| non-perfect indefinite passive
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| I am glad to have met you.
| perfect indefinite active
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| Sue seems to have been given the wrong address.
| perfect indefinite active
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| I think you ought to see the police about the people next door.
| non-perfect indefinite passive
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| Tessa meant to have said good-bye but was too shy to interrupt the conversation.
| 1. perfect continuous active
2. non-perfect indefinite active
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Date: 2015-12-24; view: 2000
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