EXAMINATION CARD № 19

XIII. I. READING

Read the text below. Choose from (A—H) the one which best fits each space (1—6). There are two choices you do not need to use.

IS DARK CHOCOLATE A GOOD FOOD?

It might sound too good to be true, but recent studies have found that eating minimally processed chocolate, or dark chocolate, may actually be good for you. Researchers have found numerous health benefits (1) ....... which are used to make chocolate.

Raw cocoa and dark chocolate contain very high levels of antioxidants (2) ....... . Two types of flavonoids, catechins and epicatechins, are found in dark chocolate which help boost chocolate's antioxidant properties. Although these flavonoids are still being tested (3) ....... , we already know that dark chocolate contains up to 4 times the amount of flavonoids found in green tea.

What are antioxidants? Antioxidants are chemicals that help prevent oxidation in our bodies and the production of free radicals. Although oxygen is essential to life, it is also a very reactive chemical that can cause cells in our body to deteriorate and (4) ....... . The nutrients (minerals and vitamins) and enzymes (proteins that help speed up chemical reactions in our body) we get from eating foods such as fruits, vegetables, teas, and cocoa beans play an essential role (5) ....... .

Some of other possible health benefits of dark chocolate include:

* improved digestion;

* improved blood circulation;

* improved cell functions;

* lowered blood pressure;

* improved immune system;

* good heart health.

Although chocolate contains antioxidants, which may offer health benefits, remember (6) … . Don't forget to enjoy other flavonoid-rich foods such as tea, berries, peanuts, fruits, and leafy vegetables.

A known as flavonoids

В so called cell functions

C to enjoy dark chocolate in moderation

D to better understand their ability to prevent illness

E to help to digest food

F associated with the cocoa beans

G in defending our bodies against free radicals H lead to illness and disease

H lead to illness and disease

II. USE OF ENGLISH

Read the text below. For questions (1-12) choose the correct answer(А, В, C or D).

WHERE DO PASSPORTS COME FROM?

How old are passports? Who invented them? As some of us prepare to travel (1) ....... this summer and are searching for our passports or (2) ....... our first ones, it is worth considering where these all-important pieces of paper (3) ....... . They are both much older than we might think, and much younger in their present form.

First, what is a passport? A passport is a paper document that allows its (4) ....... to pass through a border controlled by a (5) ....... entity. Passport officials at a border crossing scrutinize a traveller's passport to make sure the right person is carrying it. A modern passport includes information about the identity of its holder including their name, nationality, birth date, address and, of course, photograph. Border officials also check to see if a traveller has the (6) ....... to enter the country. Sometimes a traveller needs a visa, which they have to first get from an embassy or consulate of the country to be visited. For example, US citizens who wish to visit China need a visa, as do Chinese visitors to the US. European visitors from many countries who visit the US do not need visas, and vice versa. Border passport officials, after examining a traveller's passport, usually (7) ....... it with the date of entry. These marks help limit the length of stay of a visitor. Most tourists to the US, for example, can only stay in the country for up to six months and are not permitted to work (8) ....... in the country.

A passport (9) ....... a legitimate authority recognized by officials at the boundary the holder wishes to cross. The oldest passport is said to have been mentioned in the Bible. It mentions an official serving the Persian king having a letter from his ruler that is to allow him to travel freely some 2,500 years ago! Early passports are largely of this (10) ....... : a letter from an official asking that the holder be given the right to move safely and freely. Before written letters, tablets, seals or other forms of communication may also have been used. It is likely that the concept of a passport is even older than Biblical times. The higher the authority signing the letter or tablet, the more (11) ....... it gave to the holder. In medieval times, passports issued by local authorities were used to enable access to towns and cities for trade (12) .......

III. WRITING

You want your friend to join you for a football match. Write an e-mail in which

* inform your friend about the match ( teams, place, date, time);

* say that you've already bought three tickets;

*ask if your friend's brother would also come with you.

Date: 2015-12-18; view: 1033