Classification of edentulous jaws by Oksman.

First type: the atrophy of upper toothless jaw is expressed weakly; therefore are conducted the high arrangement of alveolar processes, mounds of upper jaw, transitional fold and points of the fastening of bridles and cheek folds, the well expressed arch of the hard palate.

Second type: the atrophy of the alveolar processes of average degree and mounds of upper jaw, the low arch of the hard palate and the lower fastening of mobile mucous membrane.

Third type: the considerably greater, but uniform atrophy of the alveolar processes of upper jaw, the flat arch of the hard palate. Transitional fold is located beyond the level of the top of alveolar processes.

Fourth type: the uneven atrophy of alveolar processes, i.e., the association of the signs of the first three types.

Types of mucosal membrane edentulous jaws by Supply.

The first type as the upper and the lower jaw have a pronounced alveolar ridge, covered slightly pliable mucosa. Palate the coating evenly mucosa, moderately pliable in the posterior third. Natural folds of mucous membrane (frenulum lips, cheeks and tongue) on the upper and lower jaw are far enough from the top of the alveolar part.

The second type of mucosa atrophied alveolar ridges and covers the palate with a thin, stretched layer. The insertion of natural folds are some what closer to the top of the alveolar part. Dense and thinned mucosa is less convenient to support the denture, especially with a metal base.

The third type: the alveolar part and posterior third of the hard palate covered loosened mucosa. This state of the mucous membrane is often combined with a low-alveolar crest. Patients with such mucosa sometimes require a preliminary treatment. After prosthesis they should adhere strictly to the particular use of the prosthesis and must be observed by a doctor.

The fourth type: mobile bands mucosa were located longitudinally and easily dislodged with a slight pressure of impression material. Strands constrained by what makes it difficult or impossible to use prosthesis. These folds are observed principal manner in the lower jaw, mainly in the absence of alveolar

The same type is dangling from the edge of the alveolar soft comb. Orthopedic treatment in this case, sometimes it is possible only after its removal.

Lund allocates hard palate four zones, based on the varying degrees of suppleness of the mucous membrane: 1) sagittal suture area, 2) alveolar process, 3) region of transverse folds, 4) posterior third.

The first zone: the mucous membrane is thin, hasn’t submucosa. Suppleness of her minuscule. This site is named Lund’s median (middle) of the fibrous zone.

The second zone captures the alveolar bone. It is also covered by mucosa, almost devoid of the submucosal layer. This site is named Lund’s peripheral fibrous zone.

The third zone - mucous membrane, which covered rear third of the hard palate has submucosal layer rich by simple mucus glands and contains little fat. This layer is a soft, springy in a vertical direction, has the highest degree of compliance, and is called gland’s area.

Preparation of the mouth

Before commencing one of the treatment plans listed above it is often necessary to carry out preparatory treatment to improve the condition of the mouth so that it is in the optimum state to receive the new prostheses. The existing dentures are often of value in carrying out this preparatory treatment – for example, when treating inflammation of the denture-bearing mucosa or when modifying an unsatisfactory jaw relationship.

Date: 2015-01-02; view: 2067