Lecture 4. Translation definition

1. What interrelated operations does one fulfill in the process of translation?

Translation means both a process and a result and when defining translation we are interested in both its aspects. Language – is a formal model of thinking i.e. of mental concepts we use when thinking. In translation we deal with 2 languages and to verify given information about extra linguistic world one should consider extra linguistic information and background information. Translation is functional interaction of languages.

During translation one fulfills the following operations:

a. Deduces the target language elements, extra linguistic situation and background information

b. Builds a model consisting of the target language elements selected for substitution

c. Verifies the model of the target text against context, situation and background information

d. Generates the target text on the basis of the verified model

2. Give short definition of translation (after Komissarov)

Translation means both a process and a result and when defining translation we are interested in both its aspects. Language – is a formal model of thinking i.e. of mental concepts we use when thinking. In translation we deal with 2 languages and to verify given information about extra linguistic world one should consider extra linguistic information and background information. Translation is functional interaction of languages (after Komissarov)

3. What are the interacting elements in translation? What elements are observable? What are deducible?

Interacting elements we must distinguish between the observable and those deducible from the observables.

Observable elements – parts of words, words, word combinations of the source text

Deducible elements – not of the target text, because when we start translating or when we begin to build a model of future translation, the target text is yet to be generated

4. What interrelated elements does translation include as an object of linguistic study?

Translation means both a process and a result and when defining translation we are interested in both its aspects. Language – is a formal model of thinking i.e. of mental concepts we use when thinking. In translation we deal with 2 languages and to verify given information about extra linguistic world one should consider extra linguistic information and background information. Translation is functional interaction of languages.

As an object of linguistic study translation is a complex consisting of the following interrelated components:

· Elements and structure of source text

· Elements and structure of target text

· Transformation rules to transform the elements and structures of the source text into those of the target text,

· systems of languages involved in translation;

· conceptual content and organization of the source text;

· conceptual content and organization of the target text;

· Interrelation of the conceptual contents of the source and target texts.

5. What 3 stages does one distinguish in translation?

Three stages one distinguishes in translation:

a. analysis of the course text, situation and background information,

b. synthesis of the translation model, and

c. verification of the model against the source and target context(semantic, grammatical, stylistic), situation, and background information resulting in the generation of the final target text.

Date: 2014-12-29; view: 2462