Exercise 49. Fill in the blanks with these words and phrases and translate the sentences.

1. When epidemics threaten, (1) ______ work to (2) ______ the spread of disease.

2. In the past, patients received (3) ______ at home for most kinds of illnesses and doctors cared for patients almost single-handedly. Today doctors head medical teams, made up of many skilled professionals. (4) ______ have become the chief centers for medical care in most countries.

3. In addition to medical care, (5) ______ includes the services provided by (6) ______, clinical psychologists, social workers, (7) ______, and other professionals in various fields of physical and mental health.

4. Serious (8) ______ require (9) ______ by an expert, who, in most cases, is a doctor.

5. For thousands of years, drugs and (10) ______ have provided the chief methods of treating disease. By now science has helped develop entirely new methods. Radiotherapy, for example, makes use of (11) ______ and radioactive rays to treat cancer. Besides, X-ray machines and other devices help doctors (12) ______ illnesses.

6. A lot of doctors in industrially developed countries serve as medical researchers, teachers of medicine, or administrators of medical institutions. Doctors who (13) ______ are called (14) ______.

7. Nurses with special training may (15) ______ doctors of various routine duties, such as (16) ______. Skilled (17) ______ operate complex equipment and (18) ______.

8. Doctors have their own code of ethics. It includes charging reasonable fees, providing the (19) ______, respecting a patient's confidence, dignity, and privacy. Doctors (20) ______ by reading medical journals and books, attending conferences, and consulting with other specialists.

9. Hospitals offer services not available anywhere else. Patients receive (21) ______ from a (22) ______ of doctors, nurses, and other skilled workers. Modern hospitals have (23) ______, which use television and electronic devices to keep constant watch over seriously ill patients.

10. Clinics provide (24) ______ for outpatients. There are (25) ______ clinics that diagnose and treat alcohol and drug abuse, psychiatric disorders, or AIDS.

11. In the (26) ______ doctors provide immediate care for (27) ______ and people who have suddenly become ill.

12. The (28) ______ helps protect mothers and newborn babies from infection by keeping them apart from other patients. Many hospitals also have an (29) ______ which performs uncomplicated surgical procedures such as the repair of knees and elbows.

13. Electronic equipment helps keep a continuous record of a patient's (30) ______, respiration and temperature. Computers help hospitals keep (31) ______.

14. Today many ambulances are staffed by highly trained workers called (32) ______, who can provide lifesaving (33) ______.

15. (34) ______ are nurses who have had additional training in a certain area of specialized practice, for example, (35) ______. These nurses give (36) ______, diagnose and treat minor illnesses.

16. (37) ______ is the profession concerned with the preparation, distribution, and use of drugs. It also refers to a place where drugs are sold. At one time, (38) ______ compounded their own medicines. Today pharmaceutical manufactures supply most drugs.

Date: 2015-12-17; view: 1032