ACCIDENT AND EMERGENCIES. GIVING FIRST AID.

It is relatively easy to organize beds for inpatients, but not easy to predict numbers who come through A and E (the majority of total admissions).

Every day, through the doors of A and E departments, come the victims of road traffic accidents, violent crimes, accidents at home, and so on.

A and E staff normally consider an emergency to involve one or more of the following: blood loss, broken bones, overdose. There are established procedures for dealing with casualties of major incidents. One of the first things is to determine who is a priority and needs to be treated immediately, and who can wait. This is called triage. If the patient is blue (patients who will die), red (patients who need immediate life-saving action), yellow (patients who will need hospital care), green (patients who will need to see a doctor, but not immediately), white (patients who only require first aid).

HOSPITAL JOBS AND DEPARTMENTS.

In a busy general hospital there may be several thousand staff on the payroll.

Although they are a team that works closely together and function within a complicated system of ranks and grades.

In British hospitals, for example, it is the consultant it’s the consultant. Next in line is the registrar, then senior house officer, and then house officer. In the UK, primary care is often provided by general practitioners.

When it comes to recovery care and collective treatment, other members of the team with special expertise come into the picture. These are professionals such as physiotherapists, occupational therapists, and speech therapists. Hospitals also employ dentists, pharmacists, laboratory technicians.

Big general hospitals may have up to fifty specialist departments.

Department names are not consistent from hospital- the Children‘s

Unit in one hospital might be called Paediatrics in another, for example. Common

hospital department names include Dermatology, Gynaecology, Neurology, Ophthalmology, Obstetrics and so on.

PAIN.

I'd like to tell you about pain. The following types of pain such as a shooting pain, a throbbing pain, a burning pain. Pain is a vital part of our body's defenses. Pain warns us what things are dangerous and helps us. If the body is already damaged, pain helps with healing because it makes us protect our injuries. Some babies are born with a rare condition that makes them unable to feel pain. They do not learn the lessons that pain teaches, and as a result suffer many fractures and infections. There are two types of pain-acute pain, which lasts a short time and chronic pain, which can last a lifetime.

Drugs relieve pain in two ways. Some block the nerves' messages and prevent them getting to the brain. Others change the way the brain receives the messages, reducing their effect. Many methods of controlling chronic pain without drugs have been developed. These include hypnosis, Acupuncture, massage.

Children for example have a greater sensitivity than adults, and women greater sensitivity than men. In the end, I'd like to tell you that asse’ssing pain is a important part of diagnosing and illness.

SYMPTOMS.

I'd like to tell you about symptoms. Symptoms are the physical conditions that indicate an illness and are usually described as either strong, mild, or weak. Many illnesses have symptoms in common, other symptoms are specific to a na’rrow range of illnesses. As I know there are the following types of symptoms such as a rash, sickness, fever, vomiting. Symptoms can be classified into the following:

1)general symptoms such as loss of appetite, tiredness, pain, convulsions.

2) next is a neurological/psycholo’gical symptoms such as a fear, insomnia and instability.

3) I can also say about ocular symptoms such as blurred vision, double vision and loss of vision.

4) gastrointe’stinal symptoms such as bloating, diarrhea, vomiting, blood in stools and dyspepsia.

5) cardiovascular symptoms such as chest pain and abnormal heart beat

6) urological symptoms such as inco’ntinence, difficulty u[ю]rina’ting, passing a lot of u’ [ю]rine and impotence

7) pulmonary symptoms shortness of breath, for example.

8) inte’gumentary (skin) symptoms such as rashes, blisters and swellings ains

Date: 2015-12-17; view: 3096