They have both positive and negative effects.

3.They damage our ecology causing negative human health effects.

4.Agriculture products provide us with vitally important food.

2. Завершите утверждение согласносодержанию текста.

The development of civilization was affected by …

agriculture appearance

modern practices in animal husbandry

Farming of domesticated species

people’s love for animals

Определите основную идею текста.

а. The history of agriculture dates back thousands of years, and its development has been driven and defined by greatly different climates, cultures, and technologies.

в. People began to do agriculture to provide themselves with additional food sources, but unfortunately modern agricultural technologies have both positive and negative effects on our environment and health.

с. Agriculture was the key implement in the rise of sedentary human civilization, whereby farming of domesticated species created food surpluses that nurtured the development of civilization.

д. Nowadays there are a lot of effective agricultural technologies providing high yields and increase of the output of meat but at the same time some of them damage people’s health and ecology.

Определите, какое утверждение соответствует содержанию текста

The development of agriculture influenced the way people lived.

The appearance of agriculture was affected by the development of civilization.

Modern agricultural techniques promote human health.

Agricultural lands always need water supply.

Ecology

1. Ecology studies the distribution and abundance of living organisms, and the interactions between organisms and their environment. The habitat of an organism can be described as the local abiotic factors such as climate and ecology, in addition to the other organisms and biotic factors that share its environment.

2. One reason that biological systems can be difficult to study is that so many different interactions with other organisms and the environment are possible, even on the smallest of scales. A microscopic bacterium responding to a local sugar gradient is responding to its environment as much as a lion is responding to its environment when it searches for food in the African savanna. For any given species, behaviors can be co-operative, aggressive, parasitic, or symbiotic. Matters become more complex when two or more different species interact in an ecosystem. Studies of this type are within the province of ecology.

3. Ecological systems are studied at several different levels, from individuals and populations to ecosystems and the biosphere. The term population biology is often used interchangeably with population ecology, although population biology is more frequently used when studying diseases, viruses, and microbes, while population ecology is more commonly when studying plants and animals. As can be surmised, ecology is a science that draws on several disciplines.

1.Ответьте на вопрос:

What is the object of ecology study?

1)The study of species’ interactions in their habitat is within the province of ecology study.

2)Ecology studies the organization of living organisms, and their functioning in their environment.

3)Ecological systems are studied at several different levels, from individuals and populations to ecosystems and the biosphere.

4)Ecologists assure that there exist different behaviors of organisms within their environment.

Date: 2015-12-17; view: 2317