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Introductory Corrective Course
CONTENTS
PREFACE 4
KEY TO PHONEMIC AND OTHER SYMBOLS 5
ACADEMIC THEMATIC SYLLABUS 6
NOTES ON ENGLISH PHONETICS 7
THE ORGANS OF SPEECH 7
ARTICULATION BASIS OF ENGLISH 8
THE ENGLISH VOWEL SYSTEM 8
THE ENGLISH CONSONAT SYSTEM 11
VOWEL REDUCTION 12
ASSIMILATION 14
WORD STRESS 16
ENGLISH INTONATION. ITS COMPONENTS 17
THE SEGMENTS OF THE INTONATION GROUP 18 THE SYSTEM OF SCALES 19
TERMINAL TONES 24
SENTENCE STRESS 27
LOGICAL STRESS 30
SOME RULES OF SYNTAGMATIC DIVISION 30
GRAPHICAL RULES 33
TONGUE TWISTERS 41
PRACTICAL ASSIGNMENTS 45
WORD STRESS 45
LINKING OF WORDS IN CONNECTED SPEECH 46
ASSIMILATION 47
RHYTHM AND RHYTHMIC GROUPS 53
SCALES AND TERMINAL TONES 54
WORD PHONETIC ANALYSIS MODEL 58
SENTENCE PHONETIC ANALYSIS MODEL 58
PREPARATORY TESTS 59
PEDAGOGICAL CLASSIFICATION OF PRONUNCIATION ERRORS 63
PHONETIC AND GRAMMAR TERMS 65
RECOMMENDED LITERATURE 70
Preface
English Pronunciation Made Simple: An Introductory Course for Students of English is designed to help first-year students acquire correct articulation, practise rhythm and basic intonation patterns of the English language. The book is an attempt to fill a real gap in the materials available on practical phonetics.
The bulk of the theoretical material on English practical phonetics presented in the manual has been used for many years in teaching first-year students and has, in the authors’ opinion, passed the test of time.
In preparing the manual for publication, the authors have enlarged the original material by including exercises in practising English articulation and intonation, the list of tongue twisters, preparatory tests and a list of phonetic and grammar terms with transcription.
The material presented has been developed for use in the classroom as well for students working alone.
The manual concentrates on elements of pronunciation which help students to overcome difficulties in acquiring English pronunciation, understand and be understood in English as well as develop a competence for effective speaking.
Key to phonemic and other symbols
Vowels
| Short vowels | Long vowels | Diphthongs |
| /I/ pit, it /e/ wet, end /{/ cat, apple /V/ run, up /Q/ hot, opposite /U/ put, would /@/ ago, doctor /i/ happy, cosy /u/ influence, annual | /i:/ see, eat /A:/ part, arm /O:/ saw, always /u:/ too, you /3:/ her, early | /eI/ day, eight /aI/ my, eyes /OI/ boy, join /@U/ low, open /aU/ how, out /I@/ near, here /e@/ hair, where /U@/ tourist |
Consonants
| /b/ bee, about /d/ do, side /f/ fat, safe /g/ go, big /h/ hat, behind /j/ yet, you /k/ key, week /l/ led, allow | /m/ map, lamp /n/ nose, any /p/ pen, sop /r/ red, around /s/ soon, us /t/ ten, last /v/ vet, live /w/ wet, swim | /z/ zoo, loves /dZ/ general, age /N/ hang, hoping /D/ that, other /T/ thin, bath /S/ ship, push /Z/ measure, usual /tS/ chin, catch |
Other symbols
/"/put before the syllable with main stress
/%/ put before the syllable with secondary stress; partially stressed syllable
°m the Low Fall
Îm the High Fall
,m the Low Rise
æm the High Rise
↑m Accidental/Special Rise
ëm the Fall-Rise
^m the Rise-Fall
Ìm the stressed syllable of the Sliding Scale
Ëm the stressed syllable in the Scandent Scale
Introductory Corrective Course
Date: 2015-12-11; view: 1671
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